Cairo Conference
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The Cairo Conference (codenamed "SEXTANT") of November 22-26, 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, addressed the Allied position against Japan during World War II and made decisions about postwar Asia. The meeting was attended by President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China.
The Cairo Declaration was signed on 27 November 1943 <ref name="cairo_declaration">{{
cite news |url=http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/etc/c03.html |publisher=Japan National Diet Library |title=Text of Cairo Declaration in the Japanese National Diet Library |date=November 27, 1943
}} </ref> ,and released in an Cairo Communiqué through radio on 1 December 1943 <ref name="cairo_communique">{{
cite news |url=http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/shiryo/01/002_46shoshi.html |publisher=Japan National Diet Library |title=Cairo Communiquè received by the radio operators in USA |date=December 1, 1943
}} </ref>, stating the Allies' intentions to continue deploying brutal military force until Japan's unconditional surrender. The three main clauses of the Cairo Declaration are that "Japan be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the First World War in 1914", "all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China", and that "in due course Korea shall become free and independent".
The legitimacy of Cairo Declaration has been challenged by the movement of Taiwan independence in recent years. Some pro-Taiwan independency Taiwanese claim that it is merely a trivial press release. On another hand, The PRC insists the Cairo Declaration is a legitimate historical document, given the fact that it has been cited by the clause eight of Potsdam Declaration and referred by the Japanese Instrument of Surrender.
References
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See also
- Imperialism in Asia
- Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
- Atlantic Charter (1941)
- Dumbarton Oaks Conference (1944)
- Potsdam Declaration (1945)
- Japanese Instrument of Surrender (1945)
- Treaty of San Francisco (1951)
- political status of Taiwan
- Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China (1978)
- List of World War II conferences
- Alternative meanings: Cairo International Conference on Population and Development (1994), Cairo Anti-war Conference (2002, 2003, 2005)
- Cairo Anti-war Conference: For the contemporary Cairo Conference against U.S. hegemony and war on Iraq and in solidarity with Palestine
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