Good Times
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- For the CHIC song "Good Times," see Good Times (song). For the virus hoax, see Goodtimes virus.
Template:Infobox television Good Times is an American sitcom that was originally broadcast from February 1, 1974 until August 1, 1979 on the CBS television network. The program was a spin-off of the sitcom Maude (itself a spin-off of All in the Family). Like those two other series, Good Times was developed by producer Norman Lear.
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Synopsis
The character Florida Evans (played by Esther Rolle) had been Maude Findlay's housekeeper on Maude. In early 1974, the Florida Evans character and her husband James (referred to as "Henry Evans" on Maude) were transported to an apartment in a housing project (implicitly the infamous Cabrini-Green projects, shown in the opening and closing credits but never mentioned by name on the show) in a poor, African American neighborhood in inner-city Chicago.
Florida Evans lived with her husband James (John Amos) and their three children J.J. (Jimmie Walker), Thelma (Bern Nadette Stanis), and Michael (Ralph Carter). When the series began, J.J. and Thelma were seventeen and sixteen years old, respectively, and Michael, called "the militant midget" by his father due to his passionate activism, was eleven years old. Their exuberant neighbor, and Florida's best friend, was Willona Woods (played by Ja'net Du Bois), a recent divorcée.
Topical situations
As was the case on other Norman Lear sitcoms, the characters and subject matter in Good Times were a breakthrough for American television. Working class characters had certainly been featured in sitcoms before (dating back at least to The Honeymooners), but never before had a weekly series featured African American characters living in such impoverished conditions. (Fred and Lamont Sanford of Sanford and Son, though they lived in the poor area of Watts, at least had their own home and business.) Episodes of Good Times dealt with the characters' attempts to get by in an inner-city ghetto despite all the odds stacked against them. When he wasn't unemployed, James Evans usually worked at least two jobs, many of them temporary such as a dish washer or car washer, as he struggled to provide for his family. Being a sitcom, however, the episodes were usually more uplifting and positive than they were depressing, as the Evans family stuck together and persevered...
Initial success
Originally, the program was only slated to run in the spring of 1974, but high ratings led CBS to renew the program for the 1974–1975 season. The program was very successful during its first full season on the air, 1974–1975, when it was the seventh-highest-rated program in the Nielsen ratings and a quarter of the American television-viewing public tuned in to an episode during any given week. During 1974–1975, three of the top ten highest-rated programs on American TV centered around the lives of black Americans: Sanford and Son, The Jeffersons, and Good Times.
Backstage tension
Almost from the premiere episode, J.J., an aspiring artist, was the public's favorite character on the show and his frequently-invoked catch phrase "dy-no-mite" became very popular. As the series progressed through its second and third year, however, Rolle and Amos, who played the Evans parents, grew more disillusioned with the direction the show was taking as J.J.'s antics and stereotypically buffoonish behavior took precedence in the storylines. Rolle was rather vocal about disliking the character of J.J. in a 1975 interview with Ebony magazine.
He's eighteen and he doesn't work. He can't read or write. He doesn't think. The show didn't start out to be that...Little by little—with the help of the artist, I suppose, because they couldn't do that to me—they have made J.J. more stupid and enlarged the role. Negative images have been slipped in on us through the character of the oldest child.Although doing so less publicly, Amos also was outspoken about his dissatisfaction with J.J.'s character. The ill feelings came to a head when it came time to negotiate Amos' contract in the summer of 1976, and he was dismissed from the series.
- — Esther Rolle Template:Ref
The writers would prefer to put a chicken hat on J.J. and have him prance around saying "DY-NO-MITE", and that way they could waste a few minutes and not have to write meaningful dialogue.Husband-and-wife team Austin and Irma Kalish were hired to oversee the day-to-day running of the show, replacing Allan Manings, who had become executive producer (he was also working on another Lear sitcom, One Day at a Time). The Kalishes and Manings, as script supervisors, threw ideas to writers Roger Shulman, John Baskin, and Bob Peete, and eventually penned an exit for Amos's character.
- — John Amos Template:Ref
At the beginning of the 1976–1977 season, the family was packing to move from the ghetto to a better life in Mississippi where James had found a job as a partner in a garage. At the end of the first episode that season, Florida learned via a telegram (which, at first, she thought was to congratulate her on her move) that James was killed in a car accident. The show continued without a father, which was something Rolle did not want to pursue. One of the primary appeals of the project for her had been the presentation it initially offered of the strong Black father heading his family.
However, she stayed on hoping that the loss of the father's character would necessitate a shift in J.J.'s character, as J.J. would now become the man of the family. The writers did not take this approach, however; if anything, J.J.'s foolishness only increased. Wanting no further part in such depictions, by the summer of 1977, Rolle left the series. She was written out as marrying and moving to Arizona with her new love interest, Carl Dixon (Moses Gunn).
Rolle had disliked the Carl Dixon character, as she believed Florida would have not moved on so quickly after James' death. Rolle also thought the writers had disregarded Florida's devout Christian beliefs by making her fall for Carl, who was an atheist. When Rolle eventually agreed to return to the show, one of the conditions on which she insisted was that the Carl Dixon character be written out as if he never existed. This made the Carl Dixon character an example of Chuck Cunningham syndrome.
Good Times without the parents
With Amos and Rolle gone, Ja'net Du Bois took over as the star, checking on the Evans children as they were now living alone. New characters were added or had their roles expanded: Johnny Brown as the overweight building superintendent Nathan Bookman; Ben Powers as Thelma's husband Keith Anderson; and Janet Jackson as Penny Gordon, an abused girl adopted by Willona.
It was at this time that many viewers defected from the series, and although Florida returned (the writers had finally been forced to let J.J.'s character mature to a point which Rolle found tolerable) for the sixth season in 1978, the viewers did not, and production was halted abruptly in early 1979.
The last original episode of Good Times aired in the summer of 1979. In a series finale typical of the series, each character had a "happy ending." For example, J.J. finally got his big break as an artist for a comic book company, after years of the audience waiting for such a development. In fact, J.J.'s newly-created character, DynoWoman was based on Thelma herself. Keith's bad knee miraculously healed, leading to the Chicago Bears offering him a contract to play football. Keith and (a newly pregnant) Thelma moved to a luxury apartment across town and offered Florida the chance to move in with them. Michael attended college and moved into an on-campus dorm, and Willona became the head buyer of the boutique she worked in and she and Penny move in to the same building and become their downstairs neighbors(again).
Two-parters
Good Times, like many other Norman Lear series, was known for its use of the "two-parter" to draw viewers back to the show the next week. Although these story arcs usually played out over two episodes, some stories, like Willona adopting Penny from her abusive mother, took as many as four episodes to play out.
Here is a list of notable Good Times two-parters:
- In the fall of 1974, J.J. celebrated his eighteenth birthday. Expecting art supplies from his father, he receives a sweater instead because the department store turned down James's credit. J.J. leaves his birthday party to go out with his girlfriend but he is implicated in a liquor store robbery instead. The first part ends with Thelma breaking the news to her parents, while the second episode is set mostly in the city jail as they try to get him out. It turns out that J.J. is innocent and police admit they confused him with the actual crook despite the fact the real criminal is short and fat and looks nothing like J.J. beyond wearing the same kind of clothing.
- Later in 1974, J.J. is recruited into a gang, the Satan's Knights, against his will. He is forced to participate in a gang fight, and James finds out. While helping J.J. flee from the fight, a rival gang member shoots J.J., where the first episode ends. The next week, James waits for the hoodlum to go to trial and subsequently feels sympathy for the boy and the broken home he comes from.
- In 1976, J.J. and his girlfriend, Diana (Debbie Allen), announce plans to elope, against their parents' wishes. Unknown to J.J., Diana is a heroin addict. The only way the rest of the Evans family finds out is when Thelma finds Diana's purse and the drug paraphernalia and drugs hidden inside. Even more shocking is the fact that Diana's supplier is an elementary-aged school boy. Meanwhile, J.J. (still oblivious to his fianceé's secret) and Diana drive across the state line in search of a minister, leaving the Evanses and Diana's parents frantically searching for their children. By the time they reach the hotel where they plan to marry, Diana is in desperate need of a fix and discovers her purse missing. She yells at J.J., blaming him for not bringing her purse along and goes into the bathroom. Just then, James finally makes phone contact with J.J., warning his son that Diana is a drug addict. J.J. stubbornly refuses to believe his father. In an attempt to prove him wrong, J.J. calls for Diana to come to the phone. When she doesn't reply, J.J. walks into the bathroom to find the window open and Diana missing, her fate unknown.
- The fourth-season opener, in the fall of 1976, in which Florida learns that James has died in a car accident in Jackson, Mississippi. The second part deals with his funeral, and Florida acting strange as if she didn't care about James' death. Part Two ends with Florida smashing a punch bowl and breaking down in her children's arms, uttering the uncharacteristically emotional line "Damn, damn, DAMN!"
- In 1977, Thelma pickets her college with a friend of hers, a Nigerian named Ibe. Thelma and Ibe, despite initial misgivings, fall in love. When both Thelma and Ibe are suspended from school, Ibe's parents are furious and demand that he return to Nigeria. Ibe and Thelma had planned on living together, but Ibe asks Thelma to go to Nigeria with him—as his wife. Florida is against the idea, and Thelma decides against it when Ibe tells her that she wouldn't be his only wife.
- In the fourth season two-parter finale, Carl Dixon, who has been courting Florida, wants to marry her. Curiously, he rescinds his offer as quickly as he had said it. Florida is hurt and demands to know why he has decided against marriage. Carl tells Florida that he is moving to Arizona because he has lung cancer and the weather there would be good for his health. Florida goes with him.
- The fifth season premiere in 1977 was a four-parter. Janet Jackson was introduced as Penny Gordon, a little girl who followed J.J. home on her way from school. She spends some time at the Evans home, but then she leaves the area, along with her mother, played by Chip Fields. It later turns out that Penny is abused by her mother (among other things, she was burned with an iron), and Willona steps in to declare Penny's mother unfit and to legally adopt Penny.
- The sixth season premiere in 1978 was also a four-parter. Thelma falls in love with a football player named Keith Anderson, and Florida returns to Chicago for her wedding. At the wedding, Keith trips over J.J. and breaks his knee. The Chicago Bears, who offered him a contract, takes back the offer. Florida decides to live in Chicago again, with no mention of Carl Dixon.
- The final two-parter, in early 1979, revolved around Larry, a little boy who rode the bus Florida was driving. Florida was convinced that Larry was not "stupid" but rather hard of hearing, which his mother refused to believe. At the end of the first part, Larry almost fell down an elevator shaft because he couldn't hear everyone telling him that the elevator was out of service. In the second part, it was revealed that Keith pulled Larry out of harm's way, Larry's mother apologized to Florida for being stubborn, and Larry received the ear surgery he needed to hear again.
Production
The first two seasons of Good Times were taped at CBS Television City in Hollywood, California. The show moved to Metromedia Square, Norman Lear's own production facility, in the fall of 1975.
DVD and television reruns
Image:Goodtimesyahooscreenshot.jpg
The first five seasons of Good Times are available on Region 1 DVD in North America. All of the box sets have been released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (formerly Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment).
In addition, the network TV One (which can be seen on Comcast cable systems as well as DirecTV) airs the show in a programming block with another African-American sitcom, 227.
The sitcom has also aired on TV Land as a 48-hour marathon the weekend of July 23, 2005 and again on the weekend of November 26, 2005.
Adaptations
The British sitcom The Fosters (1976–1977), about a black family in England, was based on Good Times. In fact, The Fosters used many of the same scripts, after they had been adapted for the British audience.
Trivia
- The cover art for the Good Times DVD releases do not correspond with the season in which it aired. For example, the second season box set photograph (seen above) was actually taken in the fall of 1976, the show's fourth season. Another photograph from the same photo shoot can be seen on the Good Times fourth season box set. To differentiate, the characters' clothes were given different colors, and the character of Nathan Bookman was photoshopped out, replaced by James Evans, who was still on the show in the second season.
- Good Times was parodied on Family Guy and was called "the show that's funnier when you watch it "really loud" by lead character Peter Griffin. In the scene, J.J. comes back from a date with a girl, and Florida has a nervous breakdown because her name is the same as a U.S. state.
- Parts of the lyrics to the theme music are notorious for being hard to discern - notably the "Hangin' in a chow line"/"Hangin' in and Jivin'" lyric (depending on the source used). Dave Chappelle used this part of the lyrics as a test in his "I Know Black People" Skit/Quiz on Chappelle's Show in which the former was claimed as the answer.
- Though Good Times was set in Chicago, the character of Florida had started out as Maude Findlay's housekeeper on Maude, which was set in Tuckahoe, New York. No attempt was ever made to explain this inconsistency, and Florida's previous life as the Findlay housekeeper was never referred to on Good Times (Although she did refer to her previous job as a maid, she never specified who she worked for or where).
- Comedian Chris Rock has based the father character in his new TV series Everybody Hates Chris, on John Amos' portrayal of James Evans. "I kind of wanted to give him that James Evans nobility," Rock told TV critics in the summer of 2005. [1]
- Season 2 - Episode #34 My Girl Henrietta. Henrietta talks to Thelma in her room and dances to the song Pick Up the Pieces, by Average White Band.
- Season 3 - Episode #51 Cleatus. The family is listening to their new record player when it blows a fuse. The lights go out, helping them to catch Cleatus. The song playing is Once You Get Started, by Rufus and Chaka Khan.
- Season 4 - Episode #70 Florida's Night Out. Willona takes Florida out to a club and Florida dances to the song Hey Girl, Come and Get It by Van McCoy.
- Season 4 - Episode #62 The Big Move (Part 1). As the family celebrates New Year's Eve, they receive a telegram announcing that James has died in an accident. The music playing in the background is Movin by Brass Construction.
- Season 4 - Episode #67 J.J.'s New Career. While J.J. is visiting the apartment of his employers, we can hear the end of the song Get the Funk Out My Face by The Brothers Johnson.
- Season 5 - Episode #91 Thelma Moves Out. Thelma's football player roommate listens to his transistor radio and dances to Won't You Come Dance With Me by Commodores.
- Season 5 - Episode #109 That's Entertainment, Evans Style. During the talent show, Thelma performs dance moves to Native New Yorker by Odyssey.
- Season 6 - Episode #123 The Snowstorm. To keep warm, Florida and the kids on the school bus dance and sing to Dance Across the Floor by Jimmy Bo Horne.
- Season 6 - Episode #129 A Matter of Mothers. At the party planned for Willona by Penny's real mother, the music playing is Shake Your Body Down to the Ground by The Jacksons.
External links
References
1.Template:Note "Bad Times on the Good Times Set", Ebony, September 1975
2.Template:Note Mitchell, John L., "Plotting His Next Big Break", Los Angeles Times, April 18, 2006