1974

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Template:Yearbox Template:C20YearInTopic 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1974 calendar).

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Events

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January

January 5 - Dungeons & Dragons officially released.
January 6 - In response to the energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly four months early in the United States.
January 27 - Brisbane Qld Australia was flooded.
January 30 - G. Gordon Liddy found guilty of Watergate charges

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February

February 1 - Fire in Joelman Bank Building in São Paulo, Brazil - 177 dead, 293 injured, 11 die later of their injuries.
February 3 - Prisoners riot in the Bathurst Jail Riots, destroying much of the jail.
February 4 - Symbionese Liberation Army kidnaps Patricia Hearst, the 19 year old granddaughter of publisher William Randolph Hearst
February 8 - After 84 days in space, the crew of the temporary American space station, Skylab, return to Earth.
February 12 - US District Court Judge George Boldt rules that Native American tribes in Washington State are entitled to half of the legal salmon and steelhead catches, based on treaties signed by the tribes and the US government.
February 13 - Nobel Prize winning writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn is expelled from the Soviet Union (he returns May 27 1994)
February 17 - Soccer stampede in Cairo - 49 dead
February 20 - Following a visit to his home from a woman wearing a strange pendant, Phillip K Dick begins to receive a series of visions which he refers to as 2-3-74, shorthand for February/March of 1974.
February 21 - The long-running comic strip "Sazae-san" is published in the Asahi Shimbun for the final time after 28 years of daily installments.
February 23 - The Symbionese Liberation Army demand $4 million more to release kidnap victim Patty Hearst.
February 27 - People magazine is published for the first time.
February 28 - United Kingdom general election results in an almost dead-heat. Harold Wilson becomes Prime Minister again despite his Labour Party (UK) having received fewer votes than the Conservative Party (UK).
February 28 - Ethiopian prime minister Tsehafi Aklilu Habte-Wold, who has held the position since 1961, is dismissed by Emperor Haile Selassie and replaced with Endelkachew Makonnen.

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March

March 1 - Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
March 1 - Pierre Messmer finishes his first term as Prime Minister of France.
March 3 - A Turkish Airlines DC-10 travelling from Paris to London crashes in a wood near Paris, killing all 346 aboard.
March 8 - Charles de Gaulle Airport opens in Paris, France.
March 10 - Ten miners die in a methane gas explosion at Golborne Colliery near Wigan, Lancashire.
March 10 - Japanese World War Two soldier, second lieutenant Hiroo Onoda surrenders in the Philippines
March 18 - Oil embargo crisis: Most OPEC nations end a five-month oil embargo against the United States, Europe and Japan.
March 20 - Ian Balls fails in his attempt to kidnap Her Royal Highness Princess Anne and her husband Captain Mark Phillips in The Mall, outside Buckingham Palace, London.
March 29 - Mariner 10 approaches Mercury.

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April

April 1 - the Local Government Act 1972 comes into effect in England and Wales, creating six new metropolitan counties and comprehensively redrawing the administrative map
April 3 - The Super Outbreak, the largest series of tornadoes in history, hits 13 U.S. states and one Canadian province. By the time the last of 148 tornadoes hit early the following morning, 315 died and over 5,000 were injured.
April 6 - Abba started their road to fame, after winning The Eurovision Song Contest
April 10 - In Israel, Golda Meir resigns as Prime Minister
April 17 - Three members of the Symbionese Liberation Army die when their apartment catches fire during a shootout with the LAPD
April 25 - Coup in Portugal restores democracy (see Carnation Revolution)
April 28 - Last Americans evacuated from Saigon

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May

May 4 - All female Japanese team summits Manaslu and become the first women to climb an 8,000 metre peak.
May 4 - Expo '74 World's Fair opens in Spokane, Washington, USA
May 9 - The United States House of Representatives Judiciary Committee opens formal and public impeachment hearings against President Richard M. Nixon
May 17 - Los Angeles, California police raid Symbionese Liberation Army headquarters, killing six members, including Camilla Hall
May 17 - Thirty-three people die in the Dublin and Monaghan Bombings in Ireland. Members of the UDR and UVF, allegedly assisted by British intelligence, are behind the blast.
May 18 - Nuclear test: Under project Smiling Buddha, India successfully detonates its first nuclear weapon becoming the sixth nation to do so.
May 18 - Completion of Warsaw radio mast. The Warsaw radio mast was the tallest construction ever built. It collapsed on August 8, 1991
May 19 - In the second round of the presidential elections in France, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing wins from François Mitterrand, but by a close margin.

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June

June 1 - Flixborough disaster: An explosion at a chemical plant in Flixborough, UK kills 28 people
June 6 - A new Instrument of Government is promulgated making Sweden a parliamentary monarchy
June 15 - The Red Lion Square disorders
June 16 - First Darwin beer-can boat regatta in Darwin, Australia - 63 crafts made of beer cans participate
June 17 - A bomb explodes at the Houses of Parliament in London damaging Westminster Hall. The Irish Republican Army claim responsibility for planting the bomb.
June 24 - The UPC label is used for the first time to ring up purchases at a supermarket.
June 29 - Isabel Peron becomes interim president of Argentina when Juan Peron falls seriously ill
June 30 - Assassination of Alberta Williams King, mother of the late Martin Luther King, Jr., during a church service

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July

July 7 - West Germany defeats Netherlands 2-1 to win the Football World Cup 1974.
July 14 - Christine Chubbuck, US television presenter for WXLT-TV, draws a revolver and shoots herself in the head during a live broadcast. She dies in a hospital 14 hours later.
July 15 - Military coup overthrows President Makarios in Cyprus
July 17 - A bomb planted by the Irish Republican Army explodes in the White Tower at the Tower of London, killing one person and injuring 41. Another bomb explodes outside a government building in South London.
July 20 - Turkish occupation of Cyprus: Forces from Turkey invade Cyprus after the coup d'etat by EOKA B
July 22 - Ethiopian Prime Minister Endelkachew Makonnen is replaced with Mikael Imru.
July 23 - Greek military junta government collapses
July 24 - Watergate Scandal: The United States Supreme Court unanimously rules that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and they order him to surrender the tapes to the Watergate special prosecutor
July 27-July 30 - Watergate Scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee adopts three articles of impeachment charging President Richard M. Nixon with obstruction of justice, failure to uphold laws, and refusal to produce material subpoenaed by the committee.

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August

Image:Nixon-depart.png

August 4 - Bomb explodes in Italicus Expressen train between Italy and West Germany. Italian neo-fascist terrorists take responsibility
August 8 - Watergate scandal: US President Richard Nixon announces his resignation (effective August 9)
August 9 - Richard Nixon becomes the first President of the United States to resign from office, an action taken to avoid being removed by impeachment in response to his role in the Watergate scandal. His Vice President, Gerald Ford, takes the oath of office and becomes the 38th president
August 14 - Turkey invade for second time in Cyprus and occupied the 37% of the territory of the island.
August 30 - An express train bound for Germany from Belgrade derails in Zagreb, Yugoslavia (now Croatia) killing more than 150 passengers.

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September

September 8 - Watergate Scandal: US President Gerald Ford pardons former President Richard Nixon for any crimes Nixon may have committed while in office.
September 8 - TWA Flight 841 crashes into the Ionian sea, 18 minutes after take off from Athens, by a bomb explosion in the cargo hold killing 88 people.
September 13 - Japanese Red Army members seize the French Embassy in The Hague, Netherlands. They secure the release of member Yatuka Fumiya, $300.000 and a flight to Aden
September 23 - Ceefax is started by the BBC - one of the first public service information systems

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October

October 5 - The Guildford Pub Bombings at The Horse and Groom and The Seven Stars kill 5 people, lead to the wrongful conviction and imprisonment of the Guildford Four the next year
October 10 - the second United Kingdom general election of the year results in a narrow victory for Labour, still led by Harold Wilson.

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November

November 7 - Lord Lucan disappears
November 7 - An IRA bomb explodes at the Kings Arms, Woolwich
November 8 - In Salt Lake City, Utah, Carol DaRonch narrowly escapes abduction by serial killer Ted Bundy
November 10 - Members of the Movement 2 June try to kidnap Günter von Drenkmann, the president of West Germany's Superior Court of Justice, at his home but he is fatally shot during the attempt
November 14 - Ronald Defeo, Jr. murders his parents four siblings in what would later become known as "The Amityville Horror House"
November 16 - Arecibo radio telescope sends an interstellar radio message towards M 13 great globular cluster
November 17 - Irish President Childers dies suddenly of a heart attack in the Republic of Ireland in the middle of a public speech
November 20 - The United States Department of Justice files its final anti-trust suit against AT&T. This suit later leads to the break up of AT&T and the Bell System.
November 21 - In Birmingham, England, two pubs are bombed, killing 21 people (the Birmingham Six were later sentenced to life in prison for this)
November 21 - George W. Bush is discharged from the US Air Force Reserve
November 22 - The United Nations General Assembly grants the Palestine Liberation Organization observer status.
November 24 - A skeleton from the hominid Australopithecus afarensis is discovered and named Lucy.
November 27 - The Prevention of Terrorism Act is passed in the United Kingdom

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December

December 1 - A Boeing 727 carrying TWA Flight 514 crashes 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Dulles International Airport during bad weather, killing all 92 people on-board
December 8 - Greek voters reject a proposal to restore the Greek monarchy.
December 19 - Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh becomes the fifth President of Ireland, in a state inauguration in Dublin Castle
December 23 - Former British ex-minister John Stonehouse, who faked his drowning in Florida, is arrested in Melbourne, Australia
December 24-December 25 - Darwin, Australia almost completely destroyed by Cyclone Tracy

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Unknown date

The Milgram experiment first described by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram in his 1974 book Obedience to Authority; An Experimental View.
Baltimore police strike
Volkswagen's Golf automobile first enters production. VW will go on to sell 22 million Golfs, and the model is still in full scale production as of 2006.
World population reaches 4 billion