John Peel

From Free net encyclopedia

Template:Redirect

For other uses, see John Peel (disambiguation).

Image:John Peel.jpg John Robert Parker Ravenscroft, OBE (30 August, 1939 – 25 October 2004), known professionally as John Peel, was a British disc jockey, radio presenter, and journalist.

He was one of the original DJs of Radio 1 in 1967 and the only one remaining on Radio 1 at the time of his death. Known for the extraordinary range of his taste in music and the occasional mistakes (such as playing records at the wrong speed) that marked his shows, John Peel was one of the most popular and respected DJs and broadcasters in the world. He was one of the first to play reggae and punk on British radio. His profound influence on alternative rock, pop, and dance music is widely acknowledged.

Contents

[edit]

Early life

Peel was born in Heswall on the Wirral Peninsula, near Liverpool, the son of an upper middle class cotton merchant, and educated as a boarder at Shrewsbury School. His housemaster, R H J Brooke, whom Peel described as "extraordinarily eccentric" and "amazingly perceptive", wrote on one of his school reports:

Perhaps it's possible that John can form some kind of nightmarish career out of his enthusiasm for unlistenable records and his delight in writing long and facetious essays.

In his posthumously published autobiography, Peel revealed that he had been subjected to sexual abuse by older pupils while at Shrewsbury. His decision to reveal this has been praised by campaigners for children's rights. [1]

After finishing his National Service in 1959 in the Royal Artillery as a B2 Radar Operator, he worked as a mill operative in Rochdale.

[edit]

United States

In 1960, he went to the United States to work for a cotton producer who dealt with his father. Once this job had finished he took a number of other jobs including that of a travelling insurance salesman, staying in America until 1967. While in Dallas he spoke to John F. Kennedy as he and Lyndon Johnson toured the city during the 1960 election campaign. Following Kennedy's assassination he presented himself as a reporter for the Liverpool Echo in order to attend the arraignment of Lee Harvey Oswald and he and a friend can be seen in the footage of the press conference shortly before Oswald's assassination. He later phoned in the story to the Liverpool Echo.

While working for a Dallas, Texas based insurance company filing card programs for an early IBM 1410 computer (which led to his entry in Who's Who noting him as a former computer programmer) he got his first radio job, albeit unpaid, working for WRR Radio in Dallas. There he presented the second hour of the Monday night programme Kat's Karavan. Following this, and as Beatlemania hit the U.S.A, Peel got a job as the official Beatles correspondent with the Dallas radio station KLIF, due to his connection to Liverpool. He later worked for KOMA in Oklahoma City until 1965 when he moved to KMEN in San Bernardino, California using the name John Ravencroft to present the breakfast show.

I had been working on radio in America since 1961, initially Dallas, Texas; then I got into it full time as a Beatle expert in Oklahoma City in '64/66. I was in California for a year and half in San Bernadino, came back here in '67 and was by and large unemployable at the time. I hadn't anything to come home to. Just luck really, being in the right place at the right time, music lovers might argue the wrong place at the wrong time.

While in Dallas he married his first wife, Shirley Anne Milburn, in what Peel later described as a "mutual defence pact". She was only 15 at the time, a fact she successfully concealed from Peel, and both her parents had recently died. The marriage was never happy and although Shirley accompanied John back to Britain in 1967 they were soon separated. The divorce was completed in 1973. She later committed suicide.

[edit]

Beginning of British career

He returned to England in early 1967 and found work with the offshore pirate radio station Radio London ("Wonderful Radio London" was an advertising strap line). He was offered the midnight-to-two shift, which gradually developed into a program called The Perfumed Garden (some thought it was named after an erotic book famous at the time - which Peel claimed never to have read). It was on "Big L" that he first adopted the name John Peel, and established himself as a distinctive radio voice.

At the time I was coming to the end of a fairly catastrophic marriage ... my wife was amazingly aggressive and she hit me a lot and so I was pleased to be on the ship for two weeks out of three. ... It wasn't until [the Beatles' manager] Brian Epstein phoned [the station manager in London] ... on having the foresight to put on this excellent programme late at night and ... thought 'we had better listen to this' ... they were all slightly horrified but it had gone too far for them to stop it ... There was a play list and commercials that had to be done ... but ... after midnight I virtually did away with them ... I didn't bother to do the news or the weather or anything. Just to do two hours of records and reading other people's poetry very badly.

Under the spell of the Beatles' newly-released "Sergeant Pepper" LP and the emerging underground/flower-power scene, John Peel brought 1967 hippy culture to a generation of young British listeners through his Perfumed Garden on Radio London. He played classic blues (Howlin' Wolf, Lightnin' Hopkins, Elmore James) and folk music (Dylan, the Incredible String Band, Donovan) and gently introduced the groundbreaking music of West Coast bands such as Love, the Doors, the Mothers of Invention, Country Joe and the Fish and the Jefferson Airplane, their British contemporaries like Pink Floyd, John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers and Cream - and his special favourites, the Misunderstood (whom he persuaded to move from California to London), Marc Bolan (as a solo artist and with Tyrannosaurus Rex) and Captain Beefheart (for whom he later acted as chauffeur during his 1969 UK tour).

As important as the musical content of the programme was the personal, sometimes confessional tone of Peel's presentation, and the listener participation it engendered. He would often wish his audience love and peace, but this seemed sincere and heartfelt, rather than a mere hippy cliche. Underground events he had attended during his periods of shore leave, like the UFO Club and the "14 Hour Technicolor Dream", together with causes celebres like the drug "busts" of the Rolling Stones and John "Hoppy" Hopkins, were discussed between records. All this was far removed from Radio London's daytime format.

Listeners, enthused by the Perfumed Garden's unique atmosphere, sent Peel letters, poems, even records from their own collections, so that the programme became a vehicle for two-way communication - by the final week of Radio London he was receiving far more mail than any other DJ on the station.

After the closure of Radio London, the Perfumed Garden lived on - in his column of that name in the underground newspaper International Times (from autumn 1967 to mid-1969), in which he showed himself to be a committed, if critical, supporter of the ideals of the underground; and in the Perfumed Garden mailing list, a group formed by keen listeners, which facilitated contacts and gave rise to numerous small-scale, local arts projects typical of the time, including the poetry magazine "Sol". (Peel, supportive at first, distanced himself from this "community" as his career developed.)

Later, on his BBC programmes, he was to champion esoteric performers like Ron Geesin and John Fahey, and break new British bands like Family and Fairport Convention, Groundhogs, and Led Zeppelin. His shows influenced the rise of most subsequent styles of rock music. But, even if he became progressively disillusioned with hippy idealism as the 1970s wore on, the personal style he pioneered on the Perfumed Garden remained, winning him the affection of subsequent generations of listeners.

Wonderful Radio London closed on August 14, 1967 at 3pm just before the Marine Broadcasting Offences Act became law at midnight. The new law made the offshore broadcasting illegal for British citizens serving as advertisers, suppliers, news-readers and DJs.

[edit]

BBC career

[edit]

BBC Radio 1

When Radio London closed down on August 14, 1967, John Peel joined the BBC's new pop music station, Radio 1, which began broadcasting the following month. Unlike Big L, Radio 1 was not a full-time station, but a hybrid of recorded music and live studio orchestras broadcast at the same time as the talk and light music of BBC Radio Two. The pirate stations had been successful partly because they played records continuously, but the BBC was gagged by the Musicians' Union and record company restriction called needle time. While The Perfumed Garden had been spontaneously produced and introduced by John Peel, BBC regulations demanded that Peel introduce a show produced by Bernie Andrews called Top Gear. Peel recalled:

I was one of the first lot on Radio 1 and I think it was mainly because ... Radio 1 had no real idea what they were doing so they had to take people off the pirate ships because there wasn't anybody else.

At first he was obliged to share presentation duties with other DJs (Pete Drummond and Tommy Vance were among his co-hosts) but in February 1968 was given sole charge of "Top Gear" - a role which he held until the show ended in 1975. His subsequent programmes, known simply as John Peel shows, continued in the same vein, although their musical content was transformed after 1976, when, weary of the "adult-oriented rock" of the mid-70s, he chose to support the punk movement - to the dismay of some of his listeners and the delight of a new, younger audience.

Yet from the start Peel had displayed a quirky, eclectic and avant-garde taste in music. He was largely responsible for introducing BBC listeners to punk rock, reggae and hip-hop. In 1973 he played both sides of Mike Oldfield's Tubular Bells in full, and helped establish Richard Branson's Virgin music label. He was the first English DJ to play a record twice in a row — "Teenage Kicks" by The Undertones in 1978 — though he played a record twice in the same broadcast a number of times before and after this event. Peel championed the long-running Manchester band The Fall, who played 24 sessions for the show, including one on Peel's 60th birthday. Once he liked a Cocteau Twins album so much that he played a whole side, non-stop, without interruption. His avant-garde musical tastes brought him into conflict with other more conservative DJs at the BBC such as Tony Blackburn and Simon Bates. He remained a dominant force in independent music, both in the UK and across Europe, until his death.

During 1969, after hosting a trailer for a BBC programme on VD on his Night Ride programme, John received significant media attention because of admitting on air to be suffering from a sexually transmitted disease. This admission was later used in an attempt to discredit him when he appeared as a defence witness in the 1971 OZ obscenity trial. The judge in that case even instructed that a glass of water he had drunk from be thrown out. In the BBC dramatisation of that trial John was played by Nigel Planer.

The Night Ride programme (on Wednesdays, between 12 midnight and 1 a.m.), advertised by the BBC as an exploration of words and music, seemed to take up from where the Perfumed Garden had left off. It featured a highly eclectic choice of music, from rock, folk (e.g., the Incredible String Band, the Young Tradition, John Renbourn, Davy Graham) and blues (Mississippi Fred McDowell, Jo-Ann Kelly) to classical (Albeniz, Dvorak, Penderecki, Messaien, Pachelbel's "Canon"). A unique feature of the programme was the inclusion of tracks, mostly of exotic non-Western music, drawn from the BBC Sound Archives; the most popular of these were gathered on a BBC Records LP, "John Peel's Archive Things" (1970). Night Ride also featured poetry readings from Brian Patten, Carlyle Reedy, Adrien Henri (and his band The Liverpool Scene), Adrian Mitchell, Christopher Logue and many other "beat" or "pop" poets. There were also numerous interviews with a wide range of guests, from his personal friends - Tyrannosaurus Rex's Marc Bolan, journalist and musician Mick Farren, poet Pete Roche, singer-songwriter Bridget St. John - to stars such as the Byrds, the Rolling Stones and John Lennon and Yoko Ono - and even Hans Keller, head of BBC Radio 3. A youthful Richard Branson promoted his magazine "Student"; Tony Elliott publicised the new London listings magazine "Time Out". Peel interviewed a monk, Dom Robert Petit Pierre, and eulogised the night Robert Kennedy was killed.

The programme captured much of the creative activity of the underground scene. Its anti-establishment stance and unpredictability did not find approval with the BBC hierarchy, though, and after 18 months it ended in September 1969. In his sleevenotes to the "Archive Things" LP Peel calls the free-form nature of Night Ride his preferred radio format, but he was never again to present such an adventurous programme (although others, notably Radio Geronimo, attempted US-style hippy radio). The BBC's restrictive scheduling compelled him to return to the mixture of records and live sessions which was to characterise his Radio 1 programmes for the rest of his career.

Peel made his reputation in the late 1960s, but did not share the nostalgia of those who look back on it as a "golden era". Later, he would speak of being uncomfortable as a "minor princeling among the hippies" and uneasy with the guru-like status he was afforded at the height of his fashionability. It was easy to forget that he was ten years older than most of his listeners; also, his listeners knew little of the difficulties of his first marriage. (He did, however, believe very strongly in the hippy ideals, and was deeply disappointed when some of the leading lights of the underground scene proved to be careerists, opportunists or charlatans; his later, bitter comments about the late 60s should be seen in this light.)

After separation from his first wife, Peel's personal life began to stabilise, as he found friendship and support from new "Top Gear" producer John Walters - and from a girlfriend whom he identified on-air as "the Pig". Eventually, on 31 August 1974, John married Sheila Gilhooly. The reception was in London's Regent's Park, with John Walters as best man. John wore Liverpool football colours (red) and walked down the aisle to the song "You'll Never Walk Alone". Their sheepdog, Woggle, served as a bridesmaid. His relationship with Sheila was one of the most important things in his life.

Peel was the first to play the Sex Pistols' "God Save the Queen", in December 1976, having played "Anarchy in the UK", which was banned from the BBC's daytime playlist, a month earlier. In 1976 he was also the first to play Bob Dylan's Desire in the UK, despite Capital Radio having exclusive permission from CBS to be the first to do so. Peel got hold of a copy of the record and, to beat Capital, played it in full, separated by a reggae track while he changed the record over. Peel was to show this disregard for record company rules again when in 2003 he played three tracks from The White Stripes album Elephant before its official release date, resulting in him being threatened by lawyers for the record company V2.

His radio show was latterly sometimes broadcast from his home in Suffolk, England, nicknamed "Peel Acres", and had a homely air, with his wife, Sheila, whom he affectionately referred to as "The Pig" (because of her laugh), and his children, William, Tom, Alexandra (Danda) and Florence (Flossie) often being involved or at least mentioned.

[edit]

Peel Sessions

A feature of Peel's Radio 1 shows were the famous John Peel Sessions, which usually consisted of four tracks pre-recorded at the BBC's studios. The sessions originally came about due to restrictions imposed on the BBC by the Musicians' Union and Phonographic Performances Limited which represented the record companies dominated by the EMI cartel, the BBC had been forced to hire bands and orchestras to render cover versions of recorded music. The theory behind this device was that it would create employment and force people to buy records and not listen to them free of charge on the air. One of the reasons why all of the offshore broadcasting stations of the 1960s were called "pirates" was because they operated outside of British laws and were not bound by the needle time restriction on the number of records they could play on the air. However, Don Pierson who created Wonderful Radio London, stated in an interview that EMI used to send runners to the station's offices in London to deliver the latest batches of records free of charge, while denouncing the stations in the press. Pierson said in the interview that he finally told EMI to cut out the hypocrisy or he would expose their activities in the press. (For more information about the relationship between the record industry, "pirate radio" and "needle time", see IFPI.)

The BBC employed its own house bands and orchestras and it also engaged outside bands to record exclusive tracks for its programs in BBC studios. This was the reason why Peel was able to use "session men" in his own programs. Sessions were usually four tracks recorded and mixed in a single day; as such they often had a rough and ready, demo-like feel, somewhere between a live performance and a finished recording. Many classic Peel Sessions have been released on record, particularly by the Strange Fruit label. Latterly the show also regularly featured live performances, mostly from Maida Vale in London, but occasionally in the Peel Acres living room.

Peel also played many older records on his show, specifically in two sections he introduced:

  • "The Pig's Big 78": Sheila, John's wife, chose a 78 rpm record, which he played.
  • "The Peelennium": broadcast over his last 100 shows of 1999, this covered the music of the 20th century. Each show covered a different year in turn—four records from the year would be played and main news stories covered.

Besides the countless bands he championed, Peel also supported the rare and the unusual, often in the form of the spoken word. If not for John Walters and John Peel, it's possible that Vivian Stanshall's Sir Henry at Rawlinson End might never have been heard.

An annual tradition of the show was the Festive Fifty—a countdown of the best tracks of the year as voted for by the listeners. Despite Peel's eclectic playlist, the Festive Fifty tended to be composed largely of "white boys with guitars," in Peel's words. This frustrated Peel somewhat, and in 1991 he went so far as to cancel the rundown. Topped inevitably by Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit", this Phantom Fifty was eventually broadcast at the rate of one track per programme, some years later. The 1997 chart was, unusually, a Festive Thirty-One.

Peel's show was the only place on Radio 1 where listeners could hear happy hardcore, which Peel's children had introduced him to - indeed, there is a happy hardcore track entitled "John Peel is Not Enough" by the artist CLSM, reflecting the hardcore's hopes for wider broadcast exposure. Peel was so impressed by this that not only did he play it on his show several times, but dedicated an entire show to the genre, in hopes that it could spawn its own show. Peel also championed a wealth of other musical genres from reggae to death metal. However, his much vaunted eclecticism was not as widespread as is commonly believed; he rarely if ever gave airtime to industrial music pioneers such as Throbbing Gristle and Cabaret Voltaire, nor did he show any interest in or sympathy for free jazz and improvisation.

Nevertheless, many bands and artists of many different musical styles from different decades credit Peel as a major boost to their careers. The list includes T-Rex, David Bowie, The Faces, Bolt Thrower, The Sex Pistols, The Slits, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Pink Floyd, The Clash, Napalm Death, The Undertones, Buzzcocks, The Cure, Joy Division, Six By Seven, Def Leppard, Pulp, Ash, Orbital, The Smiths, FSK and The White Stripes. Peel's reputation as the most important DJ breaking unsigned acts into the mainstream was such that in 1983 unsigned artist Billy Bragg drove to the Radio 1 studios with a mushroom biryani and a copy of his record after hearing Peel mention that he was hungry, the subsequent airplay launching his career.

Peel remained on Radio 1 for 37 years, until his death in 2004. During that time over 4000 sessions were recorded for him by over 2000 artists [2]. The last track he played on his final show was "Time 4 Change" from the album No One's Listening Anymore (by Klute).

[edit]

BBC World Service and foreign radio

In addition to his Radio 1 show, he broadcast as a disc jockey on the BBC World Service, 30 years on the British Forces Broadcasting Service BFBS (John Peel´s Music on BFBS), VPRO Radio3 in the Netherlands, YLE Radio Mafia in Finland, Ö3 in Austria (Nachtexpress), and on Radio 4U, Radio Eins (Peel ...), Radio Bremen (Ritz) and some independent radio stations around FSK Hamburg in Germany. His audience also broadened to include listeners around the world listening to internet audio broadcasts. As a result of his BFBS programme he was voted, in Germany, 'Top DJ in Europe'.

[edit]

BBC Television

He was an occasional presenter of Top of the Pops on BBC1 from the late 1960s until the 1990s. Unlike other presenters of the show he was noted for his caustic remarks about the acts and songs appearing, for example saying of George Michael and Aretha Franklin's "I Knew You Were Waiting For Me":

"You know, Aretha Franklin can make any old rubbish sound good, and I think she just has."

In 1971 he appeared not as presenter but performer, alongside Rod Stewart and The Faces, pretending to play mandolin on "Maggie May."

Peel, as the most senior and well known "alternative" DJ often presented the BBC's television coverage of music events, notably Glastonbury Festival.

In 1996 he was the subject of the BBC's "This Is Your Life".

[edit]

Dandelion Records and Strange Fruit

In 1969 Peel founded Dandelion Records (named after his pet hamster) so he could release the debut album by Bridget St John, which he also produced. The label released 27 albums by 18 different artists before folding in 1972. Dandelion was never a great success with only one release by Medicine Head charting. As Peel stated,

It was never a success financially. In fact, we lost money, if I remember correctly, on every single release bar one. I did quite like it but it was terribly indulgent. Not as indulgent as it would have been had I not had a business partner, admittedly... I liked having a label. It enabled you to put out stuff that you liked without, in those days, having to worry about whether it was going to work commercially. I've never been a good business man.

In the 1980s Peel set up the Strange Fruit record label with Clive Selwood to release material recorded by the BBC for Peel Sessions.

[edit]

Family and home life

In the 1970s John and his wife Sheila moved to a thatched cottage in a small village near Stowmarket in Suffolk, starting a family of four children. In the eight-acre (32,000 m²) garden, referred to on the radio as Peel Acres, he housed his record collection, estimated by then to be in the hundreds of thousands, in a number of barns and stables. In his later years Peel introduced many of his radio shows from a studio at Peel Acres.

Peel and Sheila had four children: William, Alexandra, Thomas and Florence. His passion for Liverpool FC was reflected in their names, giving all four middle names related to the team: Shankly, Anfield and Dalglish.

[edit]

Later years

In his later years Peel appeared to mellow somewhat. Between 1995 and 1997 he presented a show about children, called Offspring, on Radio 4. In 1998 Offspring grew into the magazine-style documentary show Home Truths. When he took on the job presenting the programme, which is about everyday life in British families, Peel requested that it be free from celebrities, as he found real life stories more entertaining. Home Truths was described by occasional stand-in presenter John Walters as being "about people who had fridges called Renfrewshire". He also made regular contributions to BBC Two's humorous look at the irritations of modern life Grumpy Old Men.

He was also in demand as a voice-over artist for television documentaries, such as BBC One's A Life of Grime, and advertisements, though he reportedly refused to work on adverts for products that he didn't use himself.

[edit]

Awards and honorary degrees

Peel was 11 times Melody Maker's DJ of the year, Sony Broadcaster of the Year in 1993, winner of the Godlike Genius Award from the NME in 1994, Sony Gold Award winner in 2002 and is a member of the Radio Academy Hall of Fame. At the NME awards in 2005 he was Hero of the Year and was posthumously given a special award for "Lifelong Service To Music". At the same event the "John Peel Award For Musical Innovation" was awarded to The Others.

He was awarded many honorary degrees including an MA from the University of East Anglia, doctorates (Anglia Polytechnic University and Sheffield Hallam University), various honorary degrees (University of Liverpool, Open University, University of Portsmouth, University of Bradford) and a fellowship of Liverpool John Moores University.

He was appointed an OBE in 1998, for his services to British music. In that year he was also voted 47th in a Cosmopolitan readers' poll.

In 2002, the BBC conducted a vote to discover the 100 Greatest Britons of all time. Peel was voted 43rd.

In April 2003 the publishers Transworld successfully wooed Peel with a package worth up to £1.6 million for his autobiography, having placed an advert in a national newspaper aimed only at Peel. Unfinished at the time of his death it has since been completed by Sheila and journalist Ryan Gilbey. It is called Margrave Of The Marshes and was published on October 17, 2005.

[edit]

Health in later years and death

Peel was diagnosed with diabetes in 2001 and two weeks before his death he told friend and colleague Andy Kershaw that the move of his show, in summer 2004, back an hour from a 10pm start to 11pm, caused him a lot of stress and that he felt marginalised and unappreciated.

Peel died suddenly at the age of 65 from a heart attack on October 25, 2004, on a working holiday in the Inca city of Cuzco in Peru. Shortly after the announcement of his death, tributes began to arrive from fans and supporters both in and out of public life. Among the first to pay their respects were such seminal British artists as Blur, Oasis, and New Order. Prime Minister Tony Blair also paid tribute.

On October 26, 2004 Radio 1 cleared its schedules to broadcast a day of tributes, while BBC Three added an additional caption to its on-screen logo: "Dedicated to John Peel". A stage for new bands at the Glastonbury Festival, previously known simply as 'The New Tent' has been renamed 'The John Peel Stage'.

Peel often spoke wryly of his eventual death. He once said on the show Room 101,

I've always imagined I'd die by driving into the back of a truck while trying to read the name on a cassette, and people would say, 'He would have wanted to go that way.' Well, I want them to know that I wouldn't.

At one point, he said that if he died before his producer John Walters, he wanted the latter to play Roy Harper's "When an Old Cricketer Leaves the Crease." In the event Walters predeceased Peel (Walters died in 2001), and it was left to Andy Kershaw to end his tribute programme to Peel on BBC Radio 3 with the song. Another time, Peel said he'd like to be remembered with a gospel song.

His funeral, on November 12, 2004, in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, was attended by over a thousand people including many of the artists he had championed. Eulogies were read by his brother, Alan Ravenscroft, and DJ Paul Gambaccini. The service ended with clips of him talking about his life and his coffin was carried out to the accompaniment of his favourite song: The Undertones' Teenage Kicks. (In 2001 Peel had told The Guardian that apart from his name all he wanted on his gravestone were the words, "Teenage dreams, so hard to beat," from the track's lyrics [3].) A private family service was held after the public funeral.

[edit]

John Peel Day

On October 13 2005, the first "John Peel Day" took place in the UK and as far away as Canada and New Zealand. The BBC encouraged as many bands as possible to stage gigs on the 13th, and over 500 gigs from bands ranging from Peel favourites New Order (who were introduced by Feargal Sharkey of The Undertones) and The Fall, to many new and unsigned bands, took place.

The day had been announced in August, and Andy Parfitt, the head of BBC Radio 1 said, "John Peel Day is about celebrating John's legacy and his unrivalled passion for music."

The BBC plans to make John Peel Day an annual event. It has attracted some criticism from those who feel that the mass press coverage is slightly cynical given the relative popularity of his niche slot while alive. Equally there were some criticisms of the organisation of the day and the later charity single in that it focused on established artists while he was always interested in new and upcoming sounds.

October 17 2005 saw the release of a double CD tribute album - for track listings see discussion page.

[edit]

References

  • Most quotations by Peel cited above come from an extensive article written by him about his own life up until 1984. It was published in 1984 as part of an anthology and diary about pirate radio history called Pirate Radio: Then and Now by Stuart Henry and Mike von Joel. Blandford Press, Dorset, UK. ISBN 0-7137-1497-2
  • Information on Radio London, the Perfumed Garden, Top Gear, Night Ride and early Radio One can be found in Robert Chapman, "Selling the Sixties" (Routledge, 1991)
  • Don Pierson's explanation about the part played by EMI in "needle time" while supplying records free of charge to the offshore stations such as Wonderful Radio London is covered in Mass Media Moments in the United Kingdom, the USSR and the USA, by Eric Gilder - "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu Press, Romania. 2003 - ISBN 973-651-596-6
  • Margrave of the Marshes, John Peel & Sheila Ravenscroft, Bantam Press, 2005. ISBN 0593052528
[edit]

Trivia

[edit]

See also

Category:Artists who recorded Peel Sessions

[edit]

External links

Template:Wikiquote

[edit]

Official sites

[edit]

Interviews

[edit]

Obituaries

[edit]

Tributes

[edit]

Other

de:John Peel fr:John Peel he:ג'ון רוברט פארקר רייבנסקרופט nl:John Peel pl:John Peel (prezenter) fi:John Peel sv:John Peel

Retrieved from "http://www.netipedia.com/index.php/John_Peel"