List of United States foreign interventions since 1945

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This is a list United States interventions since 1945. Due to the secretive nature of certain covert interventions, certain cases are a matter of dispute. Note that instances where the U.S. gave aid to a faction short of extensive use of their own personnel are excluded.

Contents 1 Regular military interventions 1.1 1940s 1.2 1950s 1.3 1960s 1.4 1970s 1.5 1980s 1.6 1990s 1.7 2000s 2 Covert operations 2.1 1940s 2.2 1950s 2.3 1960s 2.4 1970s 2.5 1980s 2.6 1990s 2.7 2000s 3 Other interventions 4 See also 5 Notes 6 External links

Regular military interventions

1940s

• 1945 - 1947 US Marines garrisoned in Mainland China to oversee the removal of Soviet and Japanese forces after World War II.
• 1945-1949 Occupation of part of Germany.
• 1945-1955 Occupation of part of Austria.
• 1945-1946 Occupation of part of Italy.
• 1945-1954 Occupation of Trieste, later the Free Territory of Trieste, Zone A
• 1945-1952 Occupation of Japan.
• 1945-1946 Temporary reoccupation of the Philippines in preparation for independence.
• 1945-1949 Occupation of South Korea and defeat of a leftist insurgency.
• 1948-1949 Berlin Airlift flies supplies to blockaded West Berlin.

1950s

• 1950 - 1953 Korean War.
• 1955 - 1963 US sends military advisors to assist President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam. [1]
• 1958 US sends troops to assist Lebanese Christian President Camille Chamoun in Lebanon crisis of 1958.

1960s

• 1962 Overflights of Cuba, followed by naval blockade as part of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
• 1964 - 1975 Vietnam War.
• 1965 Dominican Republic, US President Lyndon Johnson sends 20,000 US troops. (See Operation Power Pack)
• 1968 US bombs the Ho Chi Minh trail in Cambodia and Laos. (See Operation Commando Hunt)

1970s

• 1975 US marines recapture the SS Mayaguez off the coast of Cambodia. (See Mayagüez incident)

1980s

• 1982 - 1984 US Marines are sent to Lebanon as part of the Multinational Force in Lebanon.
• 25 October 1983 US invasion of Grenada. (See Operation Urgent Fury)
• 15 April 1986 US warplanes bomb Tripoli and Benghazi in Libya. (See Operation El Dorado Canyon)
• 18 April 1988 strikes against Iranian naval and air forces. (See Operation Praying Mantis)
• 1989 US invaded Panama and arrested Manuel Noriega. (See Operation Just Cause)

1990s

• 1990s Intervention in Colombian civil war. (See Plan Colombia)
• 1991 Gulf War. (See Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm)
• 1992 US lead UN humanitarian relief for Somalia. (See Operation Provide Relief and Battle of Mogadishu)
• 1995 NATO bombing of Bosnian Serbs. (See Operation Deliberate Force)
• 1998 US-led bombing campaign against Iraq. (See Operation Desert Fox)
• 1998 US cruise missile attacks against Afghanistan and Sudan. (See Operation Infinite Reach)
• 1999 NATO's bombing of Serbia in the Kosovo Conflict. (See Operation Allied Force)

2000s

• 2001 US invasion of Afghanistan. (See Operation Enduring Freedom)
• 2003 US invasion of Iraq. (See Operation Iraqi Freedom)
• 2004- Haiti Intervention

Covert operations

1940s

-C.I.A. and British MI6 put the Shah on the Iranian throne 1942.

• 1949 CIA helps overthrow the democratically elected government of Syria, which brings in the dictatorship of Husni al-Za'im

1950s

• 1953 CIA and British MI6 successfully orchestrate the removal of Iranian prime minister Mohammed Mossadegh. (See Operation Ajax) [2] [3]
• 1954 CIA-orchestrated overthrow of elected president Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán in Guatemala. (See Operation PBSUCCESS)

1960s

• 1961 CIA involvement in the assassination of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo. [4] [5] [6]
• 1961 US-sponsored failed invasion of Cuba. (See Bay of Pigs Invasion)
• 1961 - 1962 CIA and Department of Defense covert plans and operations against Fidel Castro. (See The Cuban Project and Operation Northwoods)
• 1962 - 1974 Secret War in Laos.
• 1963 US backs coup against South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem in 1963.[7]
• 1963 - 1964 CIA involvement in riots and violence in Guyana in order to undermine the Marxist People's Progressive Party and its leader, Cheddi Jagan.
• United States intervention in Chile
• 1967 CIA-organized military operation ends in capture and execution of Che Guevara by the Bolivian Army.

1970s

• 1970 US supported unsuccessful coup against Salvador Allende (See Chilean coup of 1973, Project FUBELT)Template:Ref
• 1979 - 1989 CIA support for the Contras. (See Iran-Contra Affair) resolution[8]

1980s

• 1980 Attempt to rescue hostages held by Iran fails.
• 1981 US sends military advisors to El Salvador.[9]
• 1987 - 1988 Escort of reflagged Kuwaiti oil tankers in the Persian Gulf. (See Operation Earnest Will)
• 1987 - 1988 Covert anti-Iranian operations in the Persian Gulf. (See Operation Prime Chance)

1990s

2000s

Other interventions

In addition to the operations listed above, the US has a very active foreign policy that uses various methods to influence events in other countries. These methods include

• weapons sales
• military advice and training (e.g. through the School of the Americas)
• international loans
• economic sanctions
• development aid
• foreign broadcasting (e.g. Voice of America)
• grants to non-governmental organizations (e.g. the National Endowment for Democracy)

The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have also been called agents of US foreign intervention, although the US does not set the policies of these institutions unilaterally. [10]

See also

• American foreign policy
• History of United States overseas expansion
• American empire
• Military history of the United States
• Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad

Notes

1. Template:Note Template:Cite journal The day before the coup, the CIA sent a message to Washington saying: 'President Goulart will be removed, and quickly . . . oil is a problem, the communists have the control of ports and railways but not of the roads . . . the democrats will be dependent on the port of Vitoria, which they can control, to get oil'. It was thus that 'Operation Brother Sam' was thrown into action to provide logistical support. A navy task force was sent to the Brazilian coast, consisting of one aircraft carrier, six destroyers, one helicopter carrier and four oil tankers. Beside the oil, a hundred tons of arms and ammunition were also to be provided; See also: João Goulart#The Military Overthrow of Goulart

1. Template:Note [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16][17]

External links

• Conversations with History: Militarism and the American Empire - With Chalmers Johnson, President of the Japan Policy Research Institute - RealVideo format.
• Instances of Use of United States Forces Abroad, 1798-1993 by Ellen C. Collier, Specialist in U.S. Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division
• United States Military Campaigns, Conflicts, Expeditions and Wars Compiled by Larry Van Horn, U.S. Navy Retired
• Basic Statistics for United States Imperialism
• US interventions in Latin America
• US Military Interventions Since 1890: From Wounded Knee to Iraq - compiled by Geographer Zoltan Grossman
• When foreign intervention is justified: Women under the Taliban
• A Hemisphere of Our Own: U.S. Foreign Policy in Central America - 2 Hours Talk Given by Noam Chomsky at UC Berkeley in 1984 - RealAudio format.

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