1965

From Free net encyclopedia

Template:Yearbox Template:C20YearInTopic

1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar).

[edit]

Events

[edit]

January

Image:Flag of Canada.svg

January 4 - United States President Lyndon Johnson proclaims his "Great Society" during his State of the Union address.
January 12 - Bodies of two 15 year olds—Christine Sharrock and Marrine Schmidt—found at Wanda Beach, Sydney (Wanda Beach Murders)
January 14 - Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years
January 24 - Winston Churchill dies at the age of 90 as the result of a stroke he suffered on January 15.
January 26 - Hindi becomes the official language of India.
January 30 - Winston Churchill's funeral is held in London.

[edit]

February

February 6 - Sir Stanley Matthews plays his final First Division game, at the record age of 50 years and 5 days
February 7 - US begins regular bombing of North Vietnamese towns and villages
February 9 - Vietnam War: The first United States combat troops are sent to South Vietnam
February 15 - A new red and white maple leaf design is adopted as the flag of Canada replacing the Union Flag and the Canadian Red Ensign.
February 18 - The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom
February 20 - Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
February 21 - Malcolm X is assassinated on the first day of National Brotherhood Week at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City by Black Muslims

[edit]

March

March 7 - Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama
March 8 - Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam
March 9 - Second march from Selma to Montgomery under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. stops at the bridge that was the site of Bloody Sunday to hold a prayer service and return to Selma in obedience to a court restraining order. White supremacists beat up white Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb later that day in Selma, Alabama.
March 10 - Goldie, a London Zoo golden eagle is recaptured after 13 days of freedom
March 11 - White Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb, beaten by White supremacists in Selma, Alabama on March 9 following the second march from Selma, dies in a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama.
March 17 - In response to the events of March 7 and March 9 in Selma, Alabama, President Johnson sends a bill to Congress that forms the basis for the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It will be passed by the Senate May 26 and by the House July 10 and signed into law by President Johnson Aug. 6.
March 18 - Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space
March 21 - Ranger program: NASA launches Ranger 9 which is the last in a series of unmanned lunar space probes
March 21 - Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr. begin march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery
March 23 - NASA launches Gemini III with the United States' first two-person crew into earth orbit (Gus Grissom and John Young).
March 25 - Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr. successfully end march from Selma, arriving at the capitol in Montgomery. Four Klansmen shoot and kill Detroit homemaker Viola Liuzzo as she drives marchers back to Selma at night after the march.

[edit]

April

April 6 - Launch of Early Bird communications satellite. It becomes operational May 2 and is placed in commercial service in June.
April 9 - The West German parliament extends the statute of limitations on Nazi war crimes. Also, in Houston, Texas, the Harris County Domed Stadium (more commonly known as the Astrodome) was opened.
April 11 - The Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak: An estimated fifty-one tornadoes (forty-seven confirmed) hit in six Midwestern states killing anywhere from 256 to 271 people and injuring some 1,500 more.
April 14 - In Cold Blood killers Richard Hickock and Perry Smith, convicted of murdering four members of the Herbert Clutter family of Holcomb, Kansas, are executed by hanging at the Kansas State Penitentiary For Men in Lansing, Kansas.
April 21 - NY World's Fair in Flushing Meadows, NY, reopens.
April 23 - The Pennine Way officially opened.
April 24 - Bodies of Portuguese opposition politician Humberto Delgado and his secretary Arajaris Campos are found in a forest near Villanueva del Fresno, Spain. They were killed February 12.
April 24 - Fighting breaks out in the Dominican Republic as officers loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch lead a mutiny against the right wing junta running the country. US troops are later sent by President Lyndon B. Johnson "for the stated purpose of protecting US citizens and preventing an alleged Communist takeover of the country", thus thwarting the possibility of "another Cuba".
April 28 - Vietnam War: Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in South Vietnam, supposedly at the request of the Saigon government, although it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans.
April 29 - Australia announces that it is sending an infantry battalion to support the South Vietnam government.

[edit]

May

May 1 - Bob (later Sir Robert) Askin replaces Jack Renshaw as Premier of New South Wales.
May 2 - US president Johnson sends troops to the Dominican Republic.
May 13 - West German court of appeals condemns behavior of ex-defense minister Franz Joseph Strauss during the Spiegel scandal.
May 16 - Krist Novoselic the bassist for grunge band Nirvana and founder of JAMPAC is born in Compton California.
May 29 - A mining accident in Dhambas, India kills 274.
May 31 - Racing driver Jim Clark wins the Indianapolis 500, and later wins the Formula One world driving championship in the same year.

[edit]

June

June 2 - Vietnam War: The first contingent of Australian combat troops arrives in South Vietnam.
June 3 - US astronaut Edward White makes first US space walk during Gemini IV.
June 7 - A mining accident in Kakanji, Bosnia and Herzegovina results in 128 deaths.
June 10 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dong Xoai begins - About 1,500 Vietcong mount a mortar attack on Dong Xoai and then overrun its military headquarters and adjoining militia compound.
June 19 - Houari Boumedienne's Revolutionary Council ousts Ahmed Ben Bella in a bloodless coup in Algeria.
June 20 - Police in Algiers break up demonstrations by people who have taken to the streets chanting slogans in support of deposed President Ben Bella.
June 21 - Nazim Hikmet was shot by a Greek nationalist.
June 22 - Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea.
June 24 - Freddie Mills, former British boxing champion, is found shot in his car in Soho.

[edit]

July

July 14 - US spacecraft Mariner 4 flies by Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the red planet
July 16 - The Mont Blanc Tunnel is used for the first time
July 22 - Sir Alec Douglas-Home suddenly resigns as a head of the British Conservative Party
July 24 - Vietnam War: Four F-4C Phantoms escorting a bombing raid at Kang Chi are the targets of antiaircraft missiles in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other three sustain damage
July 25 - Bob Dylan elicits controversy among folk purists by "going electric" at the Newport Folk Festival.
July 27 - Edward Heath becomes Leader of the British Conservative Party
July 28 - Vietnam War: US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000
July 29 - Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay
July 30 - War on Poverty: US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid

[edit]

August

August 1 - Cigarette advertising banned in British television
August 6 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into United States law
August 7 - Singapore is expelled and separated from the Federation of Malaysia.
August 9 - Singapore proclaims its independence from Malaysia
August 9 - An explosion at a missile plant in Arkansas kills 53
August 9 – Indonesian president Sukarno collapses in public
August 11 - Watts Riots begin in Los Angeles, California
August 13 - Jefferson Airplane debut at the Matrix in San Francisco, California and begin to appear there regularly.
August 18 - Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins as 5,500 United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quang Ngai Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped-off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the US base at Chu Lai
August 19 - At the Auschwitz trial in Frankfurt, 66 ex-SS personnel receive life sentences, 15 others smaller ones

[edit]

September

September 2 - Pakistani troops enter the Indian sector of Kashmir
September 6 - Indian troops march on Lahore
September 7 - China announces that it will reinforce its troops in the Indian border
September 7 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlite, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula, 23 miles south of the Chu Lai Marine base
September 8 - India opens two additional fronts against Pakistan
September 9 - UN secretary general U Thant negotiates with Pakistani president Ayub Khan
September 9 - U Thant recommends China for UN membership
September 13 - Congress of Arab countries begins in Casablanca - Habib Bourguiba boycotts the meeting
September 14 - Opening of fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council
September 16 - China protests against Indian provocations in its border region
September 16 - In Iraq, Prime Minister Arif Abd ar-Razzaq's attempted coup fails
September 17 - King Constantine II of Greece forms a new government in Greece with Prime Minister Stephanos Stephanopoulos in an attempt to end a two-year old political crisis
September 18 - China claims that US troops have used poison gas in South Vietnam
September 18 - In Denmark, Palle Sörensen shoots four policemen in pursuit - apprehended the same day
September 19 - Soviet prime minister Alexey Kosygin invites the leaders of India and Pakistan to meet in Soviet Union to negotiate
September 20 - End of term for Tuanku Syed Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail as the 3rd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
September 21 - Commander of US troops in Vietnam, general William Westmoreland, pleads Washington to cancel the ban to use mustard gas
September 21 - Ismail Nasiruddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Zainal Abidin III, Sultan of Terengganu becomes the 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
September 22 - Radio Peking announces that Indian troops have dismantled their equipment on the Chinese side of the border
September 24 - Fighting between Indian and Pakistani troops erupts again
September 24 - British governor of Aden cancels the Aden constitution and takes direct control of the protectorate because of the bad security situation
September 27 - Largest tanker ship at the time, Tokyo Maru, launched in Yokohama
September 28 - Fidel Castro announces that everybody who wants can immigrate to USA
September 28 - Taal Volcano in Luzon, Philippines, erupts - hundreds dead
September 30 – Attempted communist coup in Indonesia. Indonesian army crushes it with the lead of general Suharto

[edit]

October

October 1 - The Indonesian army takes effective control - leading many to suspect that the Communists were in fact merely a scapegoat.
October 3 - Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has resigned and left the country
October 4 - Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London - they end on October 8 without results
October 4 - Pope Paul VI visits the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations
October 5 - Pakistan sever diplomatic relations with Malaysia because of the disagreement in UN
October 5 - The Beatles are set to release their song 'Love Me Do' on Parlophone
October 6 - Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, the Moors Murderers, arrested.
October 8 - Indonesian army arrests and executes communists
October 8 - Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member
October 8 - The Post Office Tower opens in London
October 9 - Yale University presents the "Vinland map"
October 9 - Brigade of South Korean soldiers arrive in South Vietnam
October 10 - First group of Cuban refugees travels to USA
October 12 - Per Borten forms a government in Norway
October 12 - UN general council recommends that United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia
October 13 - President of Congo, Joseph Kasavubu, fires Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government with Evariste Kimba in a lead
October 15 - Vietnam War: The anti-war student-run National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States
October 16 - Suharto takes power in Indonesia
October 17 - NY World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, NY, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected improvements on the park on the site fail to materialize.
October 18 - Indonesian government declares communist party illegal
October 20 - Ludwig Erhard elected as Chancellor in West Germany
October 21 - Ikeja-Seki comet
October 21 - OAU meeting begins in Accra
October 22 - French authors André Figueras and Jacques Laurent are fined for their comments against Charles De Gaulle
October 22 - African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence
October 24 - British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and Arthur Bottomley travel to Rhodesia for negotiations
October 25 - Soviet Union declares its support of African countries in case Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence
October 26
- Anti-government demonstrations in the Dominican Republic
- The body of Sylvia Likens discovered by authorities in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
October 27 - Brazilian president Branco removes power of parliament, legal courts and opposition parties
October 28 - French foreign minister Couve de Murville travels to Moscow
October 28 - Pope Paul VI announces that ecumenical council has decided that Jews are not collectively responsible for the killing of Christ
October 28 - In St. Louis, Missouri, the 630-foot-tall parabolic steel Gateway Arch is completed
October 29 - Kidnapping of Mehdi Ben Barka
October 30 - Vietnam War: Just miles from Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by wave after wave of Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. Among the dead, a sketch of Marine positions was found on the body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.
October 31 - Indonesian army announces that it is fighting with communist guerillas in Java

[edit]

November

November 2 - Republican John V. Lindsay elected mayor of New York City
November 3 - Charles De Gaulle announces that he will stand in next presidential election
November 5 - Martial law announced in Rhodesia. UN General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary with a vote of 82-9.
November 6 - Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program).
November 8 - The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands (on June 23, 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches were returned to Seychelles).
November 9 - Northeast Blackout of 1965: Several U.S. states (VT, NH, MA, CT, RI, NY and portions of NJ) and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 1/2 hours.
November 9 - Vietnam War: In New York City, 22-year old Catholic Worker Movement member Roger Allen LaPorte sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building in protest of the war in Vietnam (this was the second such incident in a week; on November 2 32-year-old Quaker member Norman Morrison did the same thing in front of The Pentagon)
November 11 - In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white minority regime of Ian Smith unilaterally declares independence
November 12 - UN Security Council resolution (voted 10-0) recommends that other countries would not recognize independent Rhodesia
November 13 - The SS Yarmouth Castle burns and sinks 60 miles off Nassau with the loss of 90 lives.
November 14 - Vietnam War: Battle of the Ia Drang begins - In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands in Vietnam, the first major engagement of the war between regular American and North Vietnamese forces begins
November 15 - US racer Craig Breedlove sets a new land speed record of 600.601 mph
November 16 - Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966 it became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet)
November 20 - UN Security Council recommends that all states stop trading with Rhodesia
November 23 - Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov becomes commander of Warsaw Pact
November 24 - Queen Elizabeth of Belgium dies
November 24 - Congolese lieutenant general Mobutu ousts Joseph Kasavubu and declares himself president
November 26 - At the Hammaguira launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant-A rocket with its first satellite, Asterix-1 on board, becoming the third country to enter space.
November 27 - Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells US President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned major sweep operations needed to neutralize Viet Cong forces during the next year were to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000
November 28 - Vietnam War: In response to US President Lyndon B. Johnson's call for "more flags" in Vietnam, Philippines President Elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in South Vietnam.
November 29 - Canadian satellite Alouette 2 is launched.

[edit]

December

December 1 - The Border Security Force is established in India as a special force to guard the borders.
December 3 - First British aid flight arrive in Lusaka - Zambia has asked for British help against Rhodesia
December 3 - Members of OAU decide to sever diplomatic relations with United Kingdom unless the British government ends rebellion of Rhodesia by mid-December
December 5 – Charles De Gaulle re-elected as French president with 10,828,421 votes
December 8 - Rhodesian prime minister warns that Rhodesia would resist trade embargo by neighboring countries with force
December 8 - Closing of Second Vatican Council
December 12 - In baseball, Roy Hofheinz fires manager Lum Harris (record of 65-97). Grady Hatton takes over the Astros.
December 15 - Tanzania and Guinea sever diplomatic relations with United Kingdom
December 15 - Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 perform the first controlled rendezvous in Earth orbit
December 17 - British government begins oil embargo against Rhodesia - USA joins the effort
December 21 - Soviet Unions announces that it has shipped rockets to North Vietnam
December 21 - Soviet scientists condemn Trofim Lysenko
December 21 - Konrad Adenauer resigns from the post of chairman of the Christian Democratic party
December 22 - Military coup on Dahomey
December 22 - 70 mph speed limit imposed on British roads
December 27 - British oil platform Sea Gem collapses in the North Sea
December 28 - Italian foreign minister Mintore Fanfani resigns
December 30 - President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia announces that Zambia and United Kingdom have agreed to a deadline before which the Rhodesian white government should be ousted
December 30 - Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines
December 30 - Canadian AutoCAD specialist Matthew Ireland is born

[edit]

Unknown dates

Tokyo becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from New York City.[1]
The Council for National Academic Awards is established in the UK
TAT-4 cable goes into operation.
Mont Blanc tunnel between France and Italy completed.
Desteldonk becomes a part of Ghent (East Flanders, Flanders, Belgium)
California City, California incorporated.

[edit]

Births

[edit]

January

January 1 - Laura Ingraham, American talk show host and author
January 9 - Joely Richardson, British actress
January 14 - Marc Delissen, Dutch field hockey player
January 15 - Adam Jones, American musician (Tool)
January 15 - James Nesbitt, Northern Irish actor
January 18 - Dave Attell, American comedian
January 20 - Sophie, Countess of Wessex
January 20 - John Michael Montgomery, American singer
January 22 - DJ Jazzy Jeff, American rapper and actor
January 22 - Diane Lane, American actress
January 26 - Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet gymnast
January 27 - Alan Cumming, Scottish actor
January 29 - Dominik Hasek, Czech hockey player

[edit]

February

February 1 - Sherilyn Fenn, American actress
February 1 - Brandon Lee, American actor (d. 1993)
February 1 - Princess Stéphanie of Monaco
February 4 - Jerome Brown, American football player (d. 1992)
February 7 - Chris Rock, American actor and comedian
February 11 - Stephen Gregory, American actor
February 18 - Dr. Dre, American rapper and music producer
February 22 - Scott Lowell, American actor
February 23 - Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer

[edit]

March

March 1 - Booker T, Proffesional Wrestler, 5 Time WCW World Champion
March 1 - Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey
March 4 - Gary Helms, American kickboxer
March 4 - Paul W.S. Anderson, British filmmaker, producer and screenwriter
March 7 - Jesper Parnevik, Swedish golfer
March 9 - Benito Santiago, baseball player
March 10 - Rod Woodson, American football player
March 11 - Lawrence Llewelyn-Bowen, British television presenter
March 12 - Steve Finley, baseball player
March 14 - Kevin Brown, baseball player
March 24 - Mark Calaway, American professional wrestler AKA Undertaker
March 25 - Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress
March 25 - Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper and president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee