July 21

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July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

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Events

1298 - Battle of Falkirk (1298): King Edward I of England defeats Scottish rebels led by William Wallace.
1403 - Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats rebels to the north of the county town of Shropshire, England
1568 - Battle of Jemmingen: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva defeats Louis of Nassau
1579 - Our Lady of Kazan, a holy icon of the Russian Orthodox Church, was discovered underground in the city of Kazan, Tatarstan.
1718 - Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
1774 - Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji ending the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774.
1831 - Inauguration of Léopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.
1861 - American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run - At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins (Confederate victory).
1865 - In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first true western showdown.
1873 - At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James-Younger gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American West.
1877 - After rioting by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of 9 rail workers at the hands of the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh stage a sympathy strike that is met with an assault by the state militia.
1925 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100.
1931 - CBS's New York City station begins broadcasting the first regular seven days a week television schedule in the U. S.
1944 - World War II: Battle of Guam - American troops land on Guam starting the battle (ends on August 10).
1954 - First Indochina War: The Geneva Conference partitions Vietnam into North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
1961 - Mercury program: Gus Grissom piloting the Mercury 4 capsule "Liberty Bell 7" becomes the second American to go into space (in a suborbital mission).
1963 - Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini is elected Pope Paul VI by the College of Cardinals.
1969 - Neil A. Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin become the first men to walk on the Moon.
1970 - After 11 years of construction, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt is completed.
1972 - Bloody Friday bombing by the Provisional Irish Republican Army, (PIRA) around Belfast, Northern Ireland, 22 bomb explosions, 9 people were killed,130 seriously injured.
1973 - In the Lillehammer affair in Norway, Israeli Mossad agents kill a waiter whom they mistakenly thought was involved in 1972's Munich Olympics Massacre.
1976 - Christopher Ewart-Biggs British ambassador to the Republic of Ireland is assassinated by the Provisional IRA
1983 - The world's lowest recorded temperature is achieved in Antarctica at −89.2°C (−129°F).
1984 - In Jackson, Michigan, a factory robot crushes a worker against a safety bar in apparently the first robot-related death in the United States.
1994 - Tony Blair is declared the winner of the leadership election of the British Labour Party, paving the way to him becoming Prime Minister in 1997.
1995 - Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People's Liberation Army begins firing missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.
1997 - The fully restored USS Constitution (aka "Old Ironsides") celebrates her 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
2002 - Telecom giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the largest such filing in United States history.
2003 - The last Volkswagen old-style Beetle rolls off the assembly line at Puebla, Mexico.
2004 - The United Kingdom government publishes Delivering Security in a Changing World, a paper detailing wide-ranging reform of the country's armed forces.
2005 - Four terrorist bombings, occurring exactly two weeks after the similar July 7 bombings, target London's public transportation system. All four bombs fail to detonate and all four suspected suicide bombers escape.

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Births

1414 - Pope Sixtus IV (d. 1484)
1515 - Philip Neri, Italian churchman (d. 1595)
1620 - Jean Picard, French astronomer (d. 1682)
1664 - Matthew Prior, English poet and diplomat (d. 1721)
1693 - Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, English statesman (d. 1768)
1710 - Paul Möhring, German physician and scientist (d. 1792)
1810 - Henri Victor Regnault, French chemist and physicist (d. 1878)
1858 - Lovis Corinth, German painter and graphic artist (d. 1925)
1870 - Emil Orlik, Czech painter and graphic artist (d. 1932)
1893 - Hans Fallada, German writer (d. 1947)
1899 - Hart Crane, American poet (d. 1932)
1899 - Ernest Hemingway, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
1903 - Roy Neuberger, American financier and art collector
1911 - Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author (d. 1980)
1920 - Isaac Stern, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 2001)
1923 - Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
1922 - Kay Starr, American singer
1924 - Don Knotts, American actor (d. 2006)
1925 - Anne Meacham, American actress
1926 - Norman Jewison, Canadian film director
1926 - Rahimuddin Khan, Pakistani General and provincial ruler
1932 - Ernie Warlick, American football player
1933 - John Gardner, American author (d. 1982)
1935 - Norbert Blüm, German politician
1938 - Janet Reno, United States Attorney General
1939 - John Negroponte, U.S. Director of National Intelligence
1943 - Edward Herrmann, American actor
1944 - Tony Scott, British film director
1944 - Paul Wellstone, U.S. Senator from Minnesota (d. 2002)
1946 - Kenneth Starr, American lawyer and judge
1948 - Ed Hinton, American sportswriter
1948 - Cat Stevens, English singer
1948 - Garry Trudeau, American cartoonist
1950 - Ubaldo Fillol, Argentinian footballer
1951 - Robin Williams, American comedian
1953 - Brian Talbot, English football player and manager
1955 - Howie Epstein, American musician and producer
1955 - Taco Ockerse, Indonesian singer
1957 - Jon Lovitz, American comedian
1960 - Lance Guest, American actor
1960 - Fritz Walter, German footballer
1961 - Amar Singh Chamkila, Punjabi folk singer
1964 - Jens Weißflog, German ski jumper
1968 - Brandi Chastain, American soccer player
1968 - Lyle Odelein, Canadian hockey player
1978 - Josh Hartnett, American actor
1979 - David Carr, American football player
1980 - C.C. Sabathia, American baseball player
1981 - Titus Bramble, English footballer
1983 - Eivør Pálsdóttir, Faroese singer and composer
1983 - Kellen Winslow Jr., American football player
1984 - Liam Ridgewell, English footballer
1985 - Von Wafer, Professional Basketball player

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Deaths

1403 - Henry Percy, English soldier (killed in battle)
1425 - Manuel II Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1350)
1688 - James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English statesman and soldier (b. 1610)
1796 - Robert Burns, Scottish poet (b. 1759)
1798 - François Sebastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt, Austrian field marshal (b. 1733)
1870 - Josef Strauss, Austrian composer (b. 1827)
1889 - Nelson Dewey, American politician, first governor of Wisconsin (b. 1813)
1899 - Robert G. Ingersoll, American politician and military officer (b. 1833)
1936 - Georg Michaelis, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1857)
1937 - Louis Vierne, French composer (b. 1870)
1938 - Owen Wister, American author (b. 1860)
1943 - Charlie Paddock, American athlete (b. 1900)
1944 - Claus von Stauffenberg, German army colonel who tried to assassinate Hitler (b. 1907)
1948 - David Wark Griffith, American film director (b. 1875)
1967 - Jimmie Foxx, baseball player (b. 1907)
1967 - Albert Lutuli, South African politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1967 - Basil Rathbone, English actor (b. 1892)
1968 - Ruth St. Denis, dancer and choreographer (b. 1878)
1970 - Mikhail Gerasimov, Russian anthropologist and sculptor (b. 1907)
1970 - Bob Kalsu, American football player (b. 1945)
1972 - Ralph Craig, American athlete (b. 1889)
1982 - Dave Garroway, American television host (b. 1913)
1998 - Alan Shepard, astronaut (b. 1923)
1998 - Robert Young, American actor (b. 1907)
2001 - Steve Barton, American actor (b. 1954)
2003 - John Davies, New Zealand Olympic Committee president (b. 1938)
2003 - Walter M. "Matt" Jefferies, American film art director (b. 1921)
2004 - Jerry Goldsmith, American composer (b. 1929)
2004 - Edward B. Lewis, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1918)
2005 - Andrzej Grubba, Polish table tennis player (b. 1958)
2005 - Long John Baldry, British blues musician (b. 1941)

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Holidays and observances

Belgium: National holiday (1831 - inauguration of Léopold I, first king of the Belgians)
Bolivia: Martyrs' Day
Guam: Liberation Day (1944)
Singapore: Racial Harmony Day
Catholic - the feasts of at least ? saints:
- St. Praxedes
- St. Arbogastus
- St. Barhadbesciabus
- St. Victor of Marseilles
- St. Zoticus