List of solar system objects by mass
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This is a list of Solar system objects by mass, in decreasing order. This list is incomplete because the masses of many minor planets are not accurately known.
The ordering is not the same as the order of a list of Solar system objects by radius because some objects are denser than others. For instance Neptune is more massive than Uranus despite being smaller, and Mercury is much more massive than Ganymede and Titan despite being smaller.
Satellites have been designated by an asterisk.
Contents |
Yottagram range
Objects of mass greater than 1 Yg. Even the least massive of these approximate spheres. A new trans-Neptunian object 2003 UB313 is larger than Pluto but has a mass that has not yet been determined (a ballpark estimate is shown).
| Sol | 1,989,100,000 Yg | (1.9891 × 1030 kg) | |
| Jupiter | 1,899,000 Yg | (1.899 × 1027 kg) | 5th planet |
| Saturn | 568,460 Yg | (5.6846 × 1026 kg) | 6th planet |
| Neptune | 102,430 Yg | (1.0243 × 1026 kg) | 8th planet |
| Uranus | 86,832 Yg | (8.6832 × 1025 kg) | 7th planet |
| Earth | 5,973.6 Yg | (5.9736 × 1024 kg) | 3rd planet |
| Venus | 4,868.5 Yg | (4.8685 × 1024 kg) | 2nd planet |
| Mars | 641.85 Yg | (6.4185 × 1023 kg) | 4th planet |
| Mercury | 330.02 Yg | (3.302 × 1023 kg) | 1st planet |
| * Ganymede | 148.2 Yg | (1.482 × 1023 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Titan | 134.5 Yg | (1.345 × 1023 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Callisto | 107.6 Yg | (1.076 × 1023 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Io | 89.4 Yg | (8.94 × 1022 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Luna | 73.5 Yg | (7.349 × 1022 kg) | satellite of Earth |
| * Europa | 48.0 Yg | (4.80 × 1022 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Triton | 21.5 Yg | (2.147 × 1022 kg) | satellite of Neptune |
| 2003 UB313 | ~14.0 Yg | (1.4 × 1022 kg)† | TNO |
| Pluto | 12.9 Yg | (1.29 × 1022 ± 10% kg) | 9th planet |
| 2003 EL61 | 4.2 Yg | (4.21 ± 0.1 × 1021 kg) | Kuiper belt object |
| * Titania | 3.5 Yg | (3.526 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Oberon | 3.0 Yg | (3.014 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| 90377 Sedna | ~3 Yg | (3 × 1021 kg?) | TNO |
| * Rhea | 2.3 Yg | (2.3166 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| 50000 Quaoar | ~2 Yg | (2 × 1021 kg?) | TNO |
| * Iapetus | 2.0 Yg | (1.9739 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Charon | 1.6 Yg | (1.58 × 1021 ± 10% kg) | satellite of Pluto |
| * Ariel | 1.4 Yg | (1.35 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Umbriel | 1.2 Yg | (1.2 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Dione | 1.1 Yg | (1.096 × 1021 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
† Very rough estimate based on a diameter of 2400 km and composition similar to that of Pluto.
Note: Leading asterisks (*) mark satellites.
Zettagram range
Objects of mass between 1 Zg and 1000 Zg. The larger objects in this range, such as Tethys, 1 Ceres, and Mimas, have relaxed to an equilibrium oblate spheroid due to their gravity, while the less massive (e. g. Amalthea and Janus) are roughly rounded, but not spherical, dubbed "irregular". All the spheroidal bodies have some polar flattening due to the centrifugal force from their rotation, but a characteristic feature of the "irregular"-shaped bodies is that there is a significant difference in the length of their two equatorial diameters.
- It has been suggested that trans-Neptunian objects be cut off around 1020 kg (see discussion).
| 1 Ceres | (9.5 × 1020 kg) | asteroid | oblate spheroid |
| * Tethys | (6.176 × 1020 kg) | satellite of Saturn | oblate spheroid |
| 20000 Varuna | (~5.9 × 1020 kg) | TNO | unknown |
| 4 Vesta | (2.7 × 1020 kg) | asteroid | oblate spheroid |
| 15874 1996 TL66 | (~2.6 × 1020 kg) | SDO | unknown |
| 2 Pallas | (2.2 × 1020 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Enceladus | (1.08 × 1020 kg) | satellite of Saturn | oblate spheroid |
| 10 Hygiea | (1 × 1020 kg) | asteroid | oblate spheroid |
| * Miranda | (6.59 × 1019 kg) | satellite of Uranus | oblate spheroid |
| * Proteus | (5 × 1019 kg) | satellite of Neptune | disputed |
| * Mimas | (3.84 × 1019 kg) | satellite of Saturn | oblate spheroid |
| 511 Davida | (3.6 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 704 Interamnia | (3.3 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Nereid | (3.1 × 1019 kg) | satellite of Neptune | irregular |
| 3 Juno | (3.0 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 16 Psyche | (~1.7 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 6 Hebe | (~1.4 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 624 Hektor | (~1.4 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 87 Sylvia | (1.1 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Hyperion | (1.08 × 1019 kg) | satellite of Saturn | irregular |
| 7 Iris | (1.0 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 324 Bamberga | (1.0 × 1019 kg) | asteroid | unknown |
| 9 Metis | (~9 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Elara | (8.7 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Jupiter | irregular |
| 15 Eunomia | (8.4 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Amalthea | (7.43 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Jupiter | irregular |
| * Phoebe | (7.2 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Saturn | irregular |
| * Himalia | (6.74 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Jupiter | irregular |
| 45 Eugenia | (6.1 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| 8 Flora | (~3.6 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Puck | (2.89 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Uranus | irregular |
| 2060 Chiron | (~2.7 × 1018 kg) | centaur | irregular |
| 5 Astraea | (~2.4 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
| * Janus | (1.98 × 1018 kg) | satellite of Saturn | irregular |
| 140 Siwa | (~1.5 × 1018 kg) | asteroid | irregular |
Exagram range
Objects of mass between 1 Eg and 1000 Eg. These objects are not spherical (see images at Epimetheus, Thebe, 253 Mathilde, and 433 Eros).
| * Thebe | (7.557 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Caliban | (7.3 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Juliet | (5.57 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Epimetheus | (5.35 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Belinda | (3.57 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Cressida | (3.43 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Prometheus | (3.3 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Pasiphaë | (3.0 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Rosalind | (2.54 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Pandora | (1.94 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Desdemona | (1.78 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Carme | (1.3 × 1017 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| 253 Mathilde | (1.033 × 1017 kg) | asteroid |
| 243 Ida | (1 × 1017 kg) | asteroid |
| * Metis | (9.5467 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Bianca | (9.3 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Sinope | (7.6 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Lysithea | (6.3 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Ophelia | (5.4 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Cordelia | (4.5 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Uranus |
| * Ananke | (3.82 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Adrastea | (1.8894 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Leda | (1.09 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Jupiter |
| * Phobos | (1.08 × 1016 kg) | satellite of Mars |
| 951 Gaspra | (1.0 × 1016 kg) | asteroid |
| 433 Eros | (7.2 × 1015 kg) | asteroid |
| * Pan | (2.7 × 1015 kg) | satellite of Saturn |
| * Deimos | (2.2 × 1015 kg) | satellite of Mars |
Petagram range
Objects of mass less than 1 Eg. Only the largest near-Earth asteroids should be listed in this section, as of unusual interest for their nearness. (See also: list of NEAs by distance from Sun.) Members of other classes of NEOs have masses that are less than 1 Pg.
| 4179 Toutatis | (5.0 × 1013 kg) |
| 1620 Geographos | (4 × 1012 kg) |
| 1862 Apollo | (2 × 1012 kg) |
| 1566 Icarus | (2.9 × 1012 kg) |
| 2062 Aten | (7.6 × 1011 kg) |
| 4769 Castalia | (5.0 × 1011 kg) |
Omissions
Many of these values were taken directly from the appropriate Wikipedia article. Some were taken from the Planetary Fact Sheets. The mass of 20000 Varuna was estimated based on values given at [1] for its diameter and density. Several large objects (such as 31 Euphrosyne, 65 Cybele, 52 Europa, 28978 Ixion, and 90482 Orcus) are not listed because their masses are not yet given on their main articles. Template:Mpl has been given an estimate based on its size and composition.