Moult

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For the town in France, see Moult, Calvados.

In animals, moulting (Commonwealth English) or molting (American English) is the routine shedding off old feathers in birds, or of old skin in reptiles, or of old hairs in mammals (see also coat (dog)).

In arthropods, such as insects, arachnids and crustaceans, moulting describes the shedding of its exoskeleton (which is often called its shell), typically to let it grow. See ecdysis.

Moulting in birds

Moulting in birds is a comparatively slow process, as a bird never sheds all its feathers at once; it must keep enough of its feathers to regulate its body temperature and repel moisture. Some species of wild bird become flightless during an annual "wing moult" and must seek protected habitat with a reliable food supply during that time. A moulting bird should never have any bald spots. If a pet bird has any bald spots, the bird should be taken to an avian veterinarian to search for possible causes for the baldness, which may include giardia, mites, or feather-plucking.

The process of moulting in birds is as follows:

1. The bird begins to shed some old feathers
2. Pin feathers grow in to replace the old feathers
3. As the pin feathers become full feathers, other feathers are shed

This is a cyclical process that happens in many phases. In general, a moult begins at a bird's head, progresses down the body to its wings and torso, and finishes with the tail feathers.

Moulting in reptiles

The most familiar example of moulting in reptiles is when snakes "shed their skin". This is usually achieved by the snake rubbing its head against a hard object, such as a rock or piece of wood, causing the already stretched skin to split. At this point, the snake continues to rub its skin on objects, causing the end nearest the head to peel back on itself, until the snake is able to crawl out of its skin, effectively turning the molted skin inside-out. This is similar to how you might remove a sock from your foot by grabbing the open end and pulling it over itself. The snake's skin is often left in one piece after the moulting process.bg:Линеене de:Mauser (Vögel) eo:mudo fr:Mue lt:Šėrimasis nl:Rui (ornithologie)