National Archives and Records Administration
From Free net encyclopedia
| Image:National Archives.jpg |
| Image:National archives.jpg |
The United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States federal government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records. It also works to increase public access to those documents. NARA is officially responsible for publishing acts of Congress, presidential proclamations and executive orders, and federal regulations. The agency often works closely with scholars to facilitate their studies.
Contents |
History
Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in the loss and destruction of records. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as its chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated into the General Services Administration in 1949, but in 1985 it was made an independent agency as NARA.
Most of the documents in the care of NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, some documents that have come into the care of NARA from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. [1] The NARA also stores classified documents and its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.
Alliance with Google
On February 24, 2006, NARA released a press release announcing a joint venture with Google to digitize and offer NARA video online for free.
Facilities and exhibition
National Archives Building
The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, located immediately north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, DC, opened as its original headquarters in 1935. It houses the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. These are displayed to the public in the main chamber of the National Archives, which is called the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom. Flash photography of the documents is prohibited.
The National Archives Building also exhibits other important American historical documents such as the Louisiana Purchase and the Emancipation Proclamation, as well as collections of photography and other historically and culturally significant American artifacts.
This facility was featured in the hit 2004 Nicolas Cage movie National Treasure. The 'employee' entrance where Nicolas Cage enters the night of the gala is, in reality, the entrance for staff and researchers.
National Archives at College Park
Due to space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 at College Park, Maryland, where it is now based. There are also twelve (12) Regional Archives facilities across the country and two major facilities in St. Louis, Missouri which comprise the National Personnel Records Center. However, the National Archives Building in downtown Washington still contains such record collections as all existing Federal Census records, Ship Passenger Lists, military unit records from the American Revolution up to the Philippine-American War, records of the Confederate Government, the Freedmen's Bureau records and pension/land records.
Presidential Libraries
NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover.