Sidewalk
From Free net encyclopedia
- For the former Microsoft-owned website see: Sidewalk.com.
Image:Gehweg.jpg A sidewalk (North American English), or pavement or footpath (Commonwealth English), is a path, usually constructed of concrete (particularly in the United States, and Canada), asphalt, brick (particularly in Europe) or stone, designed for pedestrian traffic and often running alongside a road. In the 19th century and early 20th century, sidewalks of wood were also common in some locations. They may still be found at historic beach locations and in conservation areas to protect the land beneath and around, called boardwalks. Stone slabs called flagstones or flags are often used where an attractive appearance is required, as in historic town centres. In other places, pre-cast concrete slabs (called paving slabs or, less correctly, paving stones) are used. These may be coloured or textured to resemble stone.
Sidewalks are more common in modern urban areas, where they may abut the road, than suburban areas, where they are sometimes separated from the road by a tree lawn (depending on available spaces and prior urban planning). Sidewalks are rare in rural areas. In some countries, sidewalks are often the responsibility of the adjacent property owners.
Some paths may be shared by pedestrians and cyclists. This can be expressed by saying that bicycle travel is allowed on the sidewalk, or that pedestrians use the bicycle path. In some towns, bicyclists may have to use the road if there is only one path along side. Another government option is to designate a segregated cycle facility on a portion of the roadway, shoulder, sidewalk, or on a separate path.
Sidewalks vary in width, depending on traffic in the area, though are generally wider than 4 ft (1.3 m). Often that is too narrow however, particularly when obstructions are placed on the sidewalk (street lights, traffic signal poles, news stands, road signs, fire hydrants etc.), or if bicycles use the facility.
Most western countries have a policy about the removal of so-called "architectural barriers" in order to reduce the difficulties for disabled people, and these policies usually reserve a great attention to sidewalks. The Americans with Disabilities Act, like other rules in other countries, requires sidewalks to have curb cuts at intersections so that sidewalks can be used by persons in wheelchairs.
There is usually a gutter between the sidewalk and the road, and the sidewalk surface is slightly tilted to let the water flow into the gutter.
See also
External links
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