Yang Shangkun
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Yáng Shàngkūn (May 25, 1907–September 14, 1998) was President of the People's Republic of China from 1988 to 1993, and was permanent Vice-chair of the Central Military Commission.
Born in Tongnan, Sichuan province, he was a veteran of the Long March. He held a senior position in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1956 to 1966, but was demoted during the Cultural Revolution. He was rehabilitated in 1978 and was elected to the Politburo in 1982.
During the Tiananmen protests of 1989, Yang used his authority as President to declare martial law, and in cooperation with Deng Xiaoping, who was the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, to order the June 1989 military crackdown against student pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square, Beijing. His nephew, Yang Jianhua, commanded the highly disciplined 27th Group Army, which was brought in from Hebei province to suppress the demonstrators.
Extremely influential in the People's Liberation Army, he was removed by Deng Xiaoping in 1992 for attempting to replace Jiang Zemin as party leader.
He is considered as one of the Eight Immortals of Communist China.
See also
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