October 13

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October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years). There are 79 days remaining.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

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Events

1282 - Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of Buddhism, dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
1307 - Hundreds of Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into "admitting" heresy.
1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1775 - The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
1792 - In Washington, DC, the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818) is laid.
1812 - War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights - As part of the Niagara campaign in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock.
1843 - In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
1845 - A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
1917 - The "Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 persons in the Cova da Iria in Fatima, Portugal.
1918 - Mehmed Talat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I
1923 - Ankara replaces Constantinople as the capital of Turkey.
1943 - World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
1944 - World War II: Riga, the capital of Latvia is taken over by the Red Army
1946 - France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
1958 - Burial of Eugenio Pacelli, Pope Pius XII on the 41st anniversary of the "Miracle of the Sun".
1960 - 1960 World Series: Baseballer Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run.
1962 - Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? opens on Broadway.
1972 - An Aeroflot Ilyushin-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176.
1972 - Andes flight disaster: Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive, as chronicled in the 1993 film Alive: The Miracle of the Andes.
1973 - The British progressive rock band Family perform their last concert at Leicester Polytechnic in Leicester, England, prior to their disbandment.
1976 - A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground)
1976 - The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
1977 - Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
1983 - Ameritech Mobile Communications (now Cingular) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago.
1999 - The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
2003 - The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open-access scientific journal, PLoS Biology.