January 27

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January 27 is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 338 days remaining (339 in leap years).

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

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Events

98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.
672 - St. Vitalian ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
847 - Sergius II ends his reign as Catholic Pope.
1186 - Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, weds Constance of Sicily.
1343 - Pope Clement VI issues the Bull Unigenitus.
1593 - Vatican opens 7 year trial against scholar Giordano Bruno.
1606 - Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins, and ending in their execution on January 31.
1695 - Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his death in 1703.
1785 - The University of Georgia is founded.
1825 - U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears."
1870 - The first college sorority, Kappa Alpha Theta, is formed at DePauw University.
1880 - Thomas Edison files a patent for his electric incandescent lamp.
1888 - In Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Society is founded.
1900 - Boxer Rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking, China demand that the Boxer rebels be disciplined.
1909 - The Young Left is founded in Norway.
1915 - United States Marines occupy Haiti.
1926 - John Logie Baird demonstrates the first television broadcast.
1939 - United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt approves the sale of U.S. war planes to France.
1941 - World War II: Fighting at Derna, Libya, begins. Following the capture of Tobruk, two brigades of the 6th Australian Division under Major General Iven Mackay pursue the Italians westwards and encounters an Italian rear guard at Derna.
1943 - World War II: Fifty bombers mount the first entirely American air raid against Germany, targeting Wilhelmshaven.
1944 - World War II: The two-year Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
1945 - World War II: The Red Army arrives at Auschwitz and Birkenau in Poland and find the Nazi concentration camp where 1.1-1.5 million people had been murdered.
1951 - Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.
1967 - Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of the Apollo 1 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center.
1967 - More than sixty nations sign the Outer Space Treaty banning nuclear weapons in space.
1973 - Paris Peace Accords officially end the Vietnam War.
1983 - World's longest subaqueous tunnel (53.90 km) opens in Japan connecting the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido.
1984 - Carl Lewis beats his own indoor world jumping record by 9¼ inches (23.5 centimeters) with a 28-foot, 10¼-inch (8.795-meter) jump.
1996 - Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.
1996 - Germany observes its 1st Holocaust Remembrance Day.
1997 - It is revealed that French museums have nearly 2,000 pieces of art that were stolen by Nazis.
1998 - American First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton appears on the Today Show calling the attacks against her husband part of a vast right-wing conspiracy.
2001 - Ten members of the Oklahoma State University men's basketball team and support staff die in a plane crash in Colorado.
2002 - Several explosions at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria kill more than 1,000.

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Births

1443 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
1546 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)
1585 - Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)
1603 - Harbottle Grimston, English politician (d. 1685)
1621 - Thomas Willis, English physician who made important contributions to anatomy, particularly of the brain and nervous system (d. 1675)
1662 - Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (d. 1742)
1687 - Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)
1701 - Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (d. 1790)
1720 - Samuel Foote, English dramatist and actor (d. 1777)
1741 - Hester Thrale, Welsh diarist (d. 1821)
1756 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)
1805 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (d. 1881)
1806 - Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga, Spanish composer (d. 1826)
1814 - Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (d. 1879)
1823 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)
1826 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian writer (d. 1889)
1826 - Richard Taylor, American Confederate general (d. 1879)
1832 - Lewis Carroll, English author (d. 1898)
1836 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (d. 1895)
1848 - Togo Heihachiro(東郷平八郎), Japanese admiral (d. 1934)
1850 - Samuel Gompers, American labor leader (d. 1924)
1850 - Edward J. Smith, English captain of the Titanic (d. 1912)
1859 - Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany (d. 1941)
1885 - Jerome Kern, American composer (d. 1945)
1885 - Eduard Künneke, German composer (d. 1953)
1885 - Harry Ruby, American musician, composer, and writer (d. 1974)
1891 - Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer (d. 1967)
1893 - Soong Ching-ling(宋慶齡), one of the Soong sisters, wife of Sun Yat-sen(孫逸仙, 孫文) (d. 1981)
1900 - Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)
1901 - Art Rooney, American football team owner (d. 1988)
1903 - John Carew Eccles, Australian neuropsychologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1997)
1905 - Howard McNear, American actor (d. 1969)
1908 - Oran "Hot Lips" Page, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1954)
1918 - Skitch Henderson, English-born bandleader (d. 2005)
1919 - Ross Bagdasarian, American musician and actor (d. 1972)
1920 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)
1921 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)
1924 - Sabu, Indian actor (d. 1963)
1926 - Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-born journalist (d. 2003)
1929 - Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist and dramatist (d. 1984)
1930 - Bobby Blue Bland, American singer
1931 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (d. 2001)
1936 - Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)
1936 - Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1937 - John Ogdon, English pianist (d. 1989)
1940 - James Cromwell, American actor
1944 - Mairéad Corrigan, Northern Irish activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1944 - Nick Mason, English drummer (Pink Floyd)
1945 - Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader, writer, and lawyer (d. 2005)
1946 - Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)
1948 - Mikhail Baryshnikov, Russian dancer
1950 - Amos Grunebaum, Israeli-born obstetrician and gynecologist
1954 - Peter Laird co-creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
1954 - Joko Ninomiya, notable Japanese martial artist and founder of Enshin Karate.
1955 - John Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States
1955 - Alexander Stuart, British author of The War Zone.
1956 - Mimi Rogers, American actress
1957 - Janick Gers, English musician (Iron Maiden)
1957 - Frank Miller, Author/Cartoonist (Sin City)
1958 - Kadri Mälk, Estonian artist, jewellry designer
1959 - Keith Olbermann, American journalist and sportscaster
1959 - Cris Collinsworth, American football player and television sportscaster
1961 - Margo Timmins, Candian singer (Cowboy Junkies)
1961 - Gillian Gilbert, British musician (New Order)
1964 - Bridget Fonda, American actress
1965 - Alan Cumming, Scottish actor
1967 - Bobby Deol, Indian actor
1968 - Mike Patton, American singer (Faith No More)
1968 - Tricky, English rapper
1970 - Mark Trojanowski, American musician (Sister Hazel)
1971 - Fann Wong, Singapore actress, model, and singer (Shanghai Knights)
1972 - Keith Wood, Irish rugby player
1974 - Chaminda Vaas, Sri Lankan cricketer
1976 - Clint Ford, American voiceover actor
1976 - Ahn Jung-Hwan, Korean Football Player
1979 - Daniel Vettori, New Zealand cricketer
1979 - Rosamund Pike, British actress
1980 - Marat Safin, Russian tennis player
1981 - Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player
1982 - Amy Marshall, American Accountant

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Deaths

98 - Nerva, Roman Emperor (b. 35)
1490 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (b. 1435)
1629 - Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)
1638 - Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, Spanish novelist
1731 - Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian maker of musical instruments (b. 1655)
1740 - Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (b. 1692)
1814 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1762)
1816 - Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)
1851 - John James Audubon, French-American naturalist, ornithologist, and painter (b. 1785)
1860 - János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1860)
1880 - Edward Middleton Barry, English architect (b. 1830)
1901 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)
1910 - Thomas Crapper, English inventor (b. 1836)
1919 - Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (b. 1877)
1940 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)
1956 - Erich Kleiber, Argentine conductor (b. 1890)
1967 - Crew of Apollo 1:
- Roger Chaffee (b. 1935)
- Virgil "Gus" Grissom (b. 1926)
- Edward White (b. 1930)
1970 - Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (b. 1908)
1971 - Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)
1972 - Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)
1975 - Bill Walsh, American producer and writer (b. 1913)
1983 - Louis de Funès, French actor (b. 1914)
1986 - Lilli Palmer, German-born actress (b. 1914)
1988 - Massa Makan Diabaté, Malian author (b. 1938)
1989 - Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (b. 1888)
1992 - Allan Jones, actor and singer (b. 1908)
1993 - André the Giant, professional wrestler and actor (b. 1946)
1994 - Claude Akins, American actor (b. 1918)
1996 - Ralph Yarborough, American politician (b. 1903)
2000 - Friedrich Gulda, Austrian pianist (b. 1930)
2004 - Jack Paar, American television show host (b. 1918)
2006 - Johannes Rau, President of Germany from 1999 - 2004 (b. 1931)

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Holidays and observances

UN — International Holocaust Memorial Day
United Kingdom — Holocaust Memorial Day.
Germany — Gedenktag für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism).
Poland — Dzień Pamięci Ofiar Nazizmu (Memorial Day for the Victims of Nazism).
Italy — Giorno della Memoria (Memorial Day).
Catholicism — Catholic Schools Week.
Serbia — St. Sava Day.
Denmark — Auschwitzdag (Auschwitz Day; commemoration day for the victims of the Holocaust and other genocide).