January 31

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January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 334 days remaining (335 in leap years).

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

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Events

1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon.
1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes is executed for his plotting against Parliament and James I of England.
1747 - The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
1814 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.
1849 - Corn Laws abolished in the United Kingdom.
1865 - American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
1867 - Maronite nationalist leader Karam leaves Lebanon on board of a French ship for Algeria
1876 - The United States orders all Native Americans to move into reservations.
1915 - World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.
1917 - World War I: Germany announces its U-boats will engage in unrestricted submarine warfare.
1918 - A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.
1929 - The Soviet Union exiles Leon Trotsky.
1930 - 3M markets Scotch Tape.
1936 - The Green Hornet radio show debuts.
1944 - World War II: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.
1945 - US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed, the first American soldier since the Civil War to be executed for desertion.
1946 - Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).
1950 - President Harry S. Truman announces a program to develop the hydrogen bomb.
1953 - A flood causes over 1,800 deaths in the Netherlands.
1956 - Guy Mollet becomes Prime Minister of France.
1958 - The first successful American satellite, Explorer I, is launched into orbit.
1958 - James Van Allen discovers the Van Allen radiation belt.
1961 - Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.
1968 - Viet Cong attack the United States embassy in Saigon.
1968 - Nauru declares independence from Australia.
1971 - Apollo program: Astronauts aboard Apollo 14 lift off for a mission to the moon.
1971 - The Winter Soldier Investigation, organized by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War to publicize war crimes and atrocities by Americans and allies in Vietnam, begin in Detroit, Michigan.
1980 - Takedown of the embassy of Spain in Guatemala, then the embassy was set on fire killing 36 people in this tragic incident.
1988 - Super Bowl XXII: The Washington Redskins win their second championship of the 1980s, 42-10.
1990 - The first McDonald's opens in Moscow, Russia.
1993 - Super Bowl XXVII: The Dallas Cowboys defeat the Buffalo Bills, 52-17.
1995 - President Bill Clinton authorizes a $20 billion loan to Mexico to stabilize its economy.
1996 - An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank in Colombo, Sri Lanka killing at least 86 and injuring 1,400.
1999 - Super Bowl XXXIII: The Denver Broncos defeat the Atlanta Falcons, 34-19. After the game, the TV show Family Guy airs its pilot episode.
2000 - An Alaska Airlines MD-83 crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Malibu, California killing all 88 aboard.
2001 - In the Netherlands a Scottish court convicts a Libyan and acquits another for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 which crashed into Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.
2002 - A large section of the Antarctic Larsen Ice Shelf begins disintegrating, eventually consuming about 3,250 km² (1,254 miles²) over a 35-day period.
2003 - Waterfall Train Disaster, NSW, Australia
2004 - Mystery Science Theater 3000 ends its run on the Sci-Fi Channel.
2005 - The child molestation trial of superstar Michael Jackson begins in California.
2006 - Incapacitated Prime Minister of Israel Ariel Sharon officially exited politics after three decades when his Kadima party submitted its list of candidates for the upcoming election.

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Births

1338 - King Charles V of France (d. 1380)
1512 - King Henry of Portugal (d. 1580)
1543 - Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. 1616)
1550 - Henry I, Duke of Guise, French Catholic leader (d. 1588)
1597 - John Regis, French saint (d. 1640)
1624 - Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher (d. 1669)
1686 - Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (d. 1758)
1752 - Gouverneur Morris, American lawmaker and diplomat (d. 1816)
1759 - François Devienne, French composer (d. 1803)
1797 - Franz Schubert, Austrian composer (d. 1828)
1866 - Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (d. 1938)
1868 - Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
1872 - Zane Grey, American Western writer (d. 1939)
1881 - Irving Langmuir, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
1884 - Theodor Heuss, German politician and publicist (d. 1963)
1889 - Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)
1892 - Eddie Cantor, American actor and singer (d. 1964)
1894 - Isham Jones, American musician (d. 1956)
1902 - Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (d. 1968)
1902 - Alva Myrdal, Swedish politician, diplomat, and writer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1986)
1905 - John O'Hara, American writer (d. 1970)
1914 - Sri Daya Mata, Hindu religious figure
1914 - Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (d. 1994)
1914 - Carey Loftin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1997)
1915 - Alan Lomax, American singer and musicologist (d. 2002)
1915 - Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
1915 - Garry Moore, American comedian and game show host (d. 1993)
1919 - Jackie Robinson, baseball player (d. 1972)
1921 - John Agar, American actor (d. 2002)
1921 - Carol Channing, American actress
1921 - E. Fay Jones, American architect
1921 - Mario Lanza, American singer and actor (d. 1959)
1922 - Joanne Dru, American actress (d. 1996)
1923 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist
1925 - Benjamin Hooks, American head of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1929 - Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1929 - Jean Simmons, English actress
1931 - Ernie Banks, baseball player
1935 - Kenzaburo Oe, Japanese writer, Nobel Prize laureate
1937 - Philip Glass, American composer
1937 - Suzanne Pleshette, American actress
1938 - Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands
1938 - James G. Watt, American politician
1940 - Jessica Walter, American actress
1941 - Richard A. "Dick" Gephardt, American politician
1942 - Daniela Bianchi, Italian actress
1942 - Derek Jarman, American director and writer (d. 1994)
1944 - Charlie Musselwhite, American musician
1945 - Joseph Kosuth, American conceptual artist
1946 - Terry Kath, American musician (d. 1978)
1947 - Jonathan Banks, American actor
1947 - Nolan Ryan, baseball player
1948 - Muneo Suzuki, Japanese politician
1949 - Ken Wilber, American philosopher
1951 - Dave Benton, Aruban-born singer
1952 - Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (d. 1969)
1956 - Johnny Rotten, British singer (Sex Pistols)
1959 - Anthony LaPaglia, Australian actor
1959 - Kelly Lynch, American actress
1960 - Grant Morrison, British comic book author and chaos magician
1961 - Lloyd Cole, British singer and songwriter
1964 - Jeff Hanneman, American guitarist (Slayer)
1964 - Billey Shamrock, Swedish singer and songwriter
1970 - Minnie Driver, British actress
1971 - Patrick Kielty, Northern Irish comedian and television presenter
1973 - Portia de Rossi, Australian actress
1974 - Wil Anderson, Australian comedian
1976 - Buddy Rice, American race car driver
1980 - Tiffany Limos, American actress
1981 - Justin Timberlake, American Pop singer
1982 - Helena Paparizou, Greek singer
1982 - Jānis Sprukts, Latvian ice hockey player