March 5
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March 5 is the 64th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (65th in leap years). There are 301 days remaining in the year.
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Events
- 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign which will bring to his own death.
- 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnameh.
- 1496 - England King Henry VII issued letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorizing them to discover of unknown lands.
- 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.
- 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
- 1770 - Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War five years later.
- 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade.
- 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège is recaptured.
- 1821 - James Monroe is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
- 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.
- 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).
- 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande.
- 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages is named French minister of Finance.
- 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
- 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referenda to join Kingdom of Sardinia.
- 1861 - The "Stars and Bars" is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.
- 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
- 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.
- 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
- 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3).
- 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.
- 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.
- 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.
- 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.
- 1912 - Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
- 1915 - World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire and stranded south of Ostend.
- 1916 - Spanish football club Real Club Deportivo Mallorca founded.
- 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
- 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
- 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.
- 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey is named President of Bolivia.
- 1933 - Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions.
- 1933 - In Germany, the Nazis win 44 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections.
- 1936 - First flight of fighter airplane Spitfire Type 300.
- 1940 - Members of Soviet politbiuro sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POW, known also as Katyn massacre.
- 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.
- 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri.
- 1949 - The Jharkhand Party is founded in India.
- 1955 - President of Lithuania, Antanas Merkys dies, after having been imprisoned and deported to the Soviet Union.
- 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
- 1958 - Explorer 2 spacecraft launches, fails to reach Earth orbit.
- 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.
- 1966 - A BOAC Boeing 707 jet crashes on Mount Fuji, Japan, killing 124.
- 1966 - In Luxembourg, Udo Jürgens wins the eleventh Eurovision Song Contest for Austria.
- 1966 - Bob Seagren vaults 5.19m, an indoor world record.
- 1968 - U.S. launches Solar Explorer B, aka Explorer 37 from Wallops Island to study the Sun.
- 1970 - A nuclear non-proliferation treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
- 1970 - Dubnium atoms first detected conclusively.
- 1973 - Donald DeFreeze, future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison.
- 1974 - Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdrew from the west bank of the Suez Canal.
- 1976 - British pound falls below $2 U.S. for the first time.
- 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California.
- 1979 - Detection equipment picks up a gamma ray burst originating from the Large Magellanic Cloud, leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
- 1979 - Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter, 172000 miles.
- 1980 - Earth satellites record gamma rays from remnants of supernova N-49.
- 1982 - Venera 14, a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus.
- 1983 - Bob Hawke becomes Australian prime minister after defeating Malcolm Fraser in Australian elections.
- 1988 - Constitution of Turks and Caicos Islands restored and revised.
- 1991 - Iraq releases all Gulf War prisoners.
- 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony.
- 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier of Nunavut.
- 2001 - In Mecca, 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
- 2001 - In Santee, California, a school massacre occurs at Santana High School, leaving 2 dead and 15 wounded.
- 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas."
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Births
- 1133 - King Henry II of England (d. 1189)
- 1324 - King David II of Scotland (d. 1371)
- 1512 - Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (d. 1594)
- 1563 - John Coke, English politician (d. 1644)
- 1575 - William Oughtred, English mathematician (d. 1660)
- 1585 - John George I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1656)
- 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (d. 1730)
- 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d. 1754)
- 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
- 1703 (N.S.) - Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, Russian poet (d. 1768)
- 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander, Swedish botanist (d. 1810)
- 1748 - William Shield, English musician (d. 1829)
- 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, French classical scholar (d. 1805)
- 1794 - Jacques Babinet, French physicist (d. 1872)
- 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian (d. 1889)
- 1815 - John Wentworth, American politician (d. 1888)
- 1817 - Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist (d. 1894)
- 1836 - Charles Goodnight, American cattle rancher (d. 1929)
- 1853 - Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)
- 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Premier of Quebec (d. 1952)
- 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)
- 1870 - Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)
- 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg, Socialist revolutionary (d. 1919)
- 1873 - Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier (d. 1961)
- 1874 - Henry Travers, British actor (d. 1965)
- 1879 - Sir William Beveridge, British economist (d. 1963)
- 1886 - Dong Biwu, founder of the Communist Party of China (d. 1975)
- 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (d. 1959)
- 1897 - Set Persson, Swedish communist politician (d. 1960)
- 1898 - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976)
- 1898 - Soong May-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek (d. 2003)
- 1904 - Karl Rahner, German theologian (d. 1984)
- 1908 - Irving Fiske, American writer, playwright, (d. 1990)
- 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)
- 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)
- 1915 - Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician (d. 2002)
- 1918 - James Tobin, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
- 1920 - Virginia Christine, American actress (d. 1996)
- 1921 - Elmer Valo, baseball player (d. 1998)
- 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian writer and film director (d. 1975)
- 1923 - David Nathan, Welsh journalist (d. 1966)
- 1923 - Laurence Tisch, American investor
- 1927 - Jack Cassidy, American actor (d. 1976)
- 1934 - Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1934 - James B. Sikking, American actor
- 1936 - Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)
- 1936 - Dean Stockwell, American actor
- 1937 - Olusegun Obasanjo, leader of Nigeria
- 1938 - Fred Williamson, American football player and actor
- 1939 - Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer
- 1939 - Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef
- 1939 - Samantha Eggar, British actress
- 1942 - Felipe González Márquez, Prime Minister of Spain
- 1943 - Billy Backus, American boxer
- 1944 - Roy Gutman, American journalist, Pulitzer Prize Winner
- 1944 - Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (d. 1998)
- 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers, Irish singer
- 1948 - Eddy Grant, Guyana-born singer
- 1948 - Elaine Paige, English singer and actress
- 1954 - Marsha Warfield, American actress, comedienne
- 1955 - Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian
- 1957 - Mark E. Smith, Vocalist with The Fall
- 1958 - Andy Gibb, English singer (d. 1988)
- 1966 - Michael Irvin, American football player
- 1966 - Tim Crutchfield,Controversial politician
- 1969 - MC Solaar, French hiphop artist
- 1970 - John Frusciante, American musician (The Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- 1972 - Luca Turilli, Italian musician (Rhapsody)
- 1972 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff, American bassist (The Bloodhound Gang)
- 1974 - Jens Jeremies, German footballer
- 1974 - Eva Mendes, American actress
- 1975 - Jolene Blalock, American actress
- 1975 - Niki Taylor, American model
- 1976 - Sarunas Jasikevicius, Lithuanian basketball player
- 1976 - Paul Konerko, baseball player
- 1977 - Bryan Berard, American hockey player
- 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak, American basketball player
- 1979 - Flick Shagwell, British porn actress
- 1982 - Daniel Carter, New Zealand rugby player
- 1989 - Jake Lloyd, American actor
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Deaths
- 1534 - Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter (b. 1489)
- 1539 - Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487)
- 1592 - Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)
- 1605 - Pope Clement VIII (b. 1536)
- 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1533)
- 1622 - Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)
- 1695 - Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664)
- 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician
- 1778 - Thomas Augustine Arne, English composer (b. 1710)
- 1815 - Franz Mesmer, Austrian developer of hypnotism (b. 1734)
- 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician (b. 1749)
- 1827 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (b. 1745)
- 1829 - John Adams, last surviving HMS Bounty mutineer (b. 1766)
- 1849 - David Scott, Scottish painter (b. 1806)
- 1876 - Marie d'Agoult, German-born writer (b. 1805)
- 1893 - Hippolyte Taine, French historian (b. 1828
- 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, British soldier (b. 1810)
- 1895 - Nikolai Leskov, Russian writer (b. 1831)
- 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson, British soldier (b. 1854)
- 1907 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (b. 1843)
- 1926 - Clément Ader, French aviation pioneer (b. 1841)
- 1927 - Franz Mertens, German mathematician (b. 1840)
- 1940 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (b. 1868)
- 1944 - Max Jacob, French poet and writer (b. 1876)
- 1947 - Alfredo Casella, Italian composer (b. 1883)
- 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer, (b. 1891)
- 1953 - Joseph Stalin, Georgian leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1879)
- 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter (b. 1897)
- 1963 - Patsy Cline, American singer (b. 1932)
- 1965 - Chen Cheng, Chinese politician (b. 1897)
- 1965 - Pepper Martin, baseball player (b. 1904)
- 1966 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (b. 1889)
- 1967 - Georges Vanier, Governor General of Canada (b. 1888)
- 1967 - Yahya Kolahdouzan, Persian singer
- 1974 - Sol Hurok, Russian-born impresario (b. 1888)
- 1980 - Jay Silverheels, Canadian actor (b. 1912)
- 1980 - Winifred Wagner, German opera producer (b. 1897)
- 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)
- 1982 - John Belushi, American actor (b. 1949)
- 1984 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (b. 1915)
- 1984 - William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
- 1988 - Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian (b. 1933)
- 1995 - Vivian Stanshall, English musician, artist, actor, writer, Bonzo Dog Band (b. 1943
- 1996 - Whit Bissell, American actor (b. 1909)
- 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker, American diet author (b. 1909)
- 1999 - Richard Kiley, American actor (b. 1922)
- 2000 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (b. 1970)
- 2004 - Walt Gorney, American actor (b. 1912)
- 2006 - Richard Kuklinski, Mafia hit man (b. 1935)
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Holidays and observances
- St Piran's Day - Cornwall's national day.
- Feast of St. Kieran, patron of the Diocese of Ossory, in Irish calendar.
- Learn from Lei Feng Day in China.
- Approximate beginning of month of jīngzhé in Chinese calendar.
- Last day of Maslenitsa in Russia (2006).
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External links
March 4 - March 6 - February 5 - April 5 -- listing of all days
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