Timeline of architecture
From Free net encyclopedia
This is a timeline of architecture, indexing the individual year in architecture pages. Notable events in architecture and related disciplines including structural engineering, landscape architecture and city planning.
| Contents | Summary of events in architecture - by year |
| 21st Century: | 2000s |
| 20th Century: | 1900s - 1910s - 1920s - 1930s - 1940s - 1950s - 1960s - 1970s - 1980s - 1990s |
| 19th Century: | 1800s - 1810s - 1820s - 1830s - 1840s - 1850s - 1860s - 1870s - 1880s - 1890s |
| 18th Century: | 1700s - 1710s - 1720s - 1730s - 1740s - 1750s - 1760s - 1770s - 1780s - 1790s |
| Pre-18th Century: | 1000s - 1100s - 1200s - 1300s - 1400s - 1500s - 1600s |
| 3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD |
Articles for each year (in bold text, below) are summarized here with a significant event as a reference point.
[edit]
2000s
- 2007 -
- 2006 -
- 2005 - Xanadu House demolished.
- 2004 - 30 St Mary Axe designed by Norman Foster. Seattle Central Library, by Rem Koolhaas and OMA, opens to the public.
- 2003 - Taipei 101, designed by C.Y. Lee & Partners, becomes the tallest building in the world.
- 2002 - Simmons Hall dormitory at MIT completed.
- 2001 - Jewish Museum Berlin designed by Daniel Libeskind opens to the public.
- 2000 - The Emirates Towers are both completed.
[edit]
1990s
- 1999 -
- 1998 - Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art by Steven Holl Architects, opens to the public.
- 1997 - Guggenheim Museum Bilbao designed by Frank Gehry.
- 1996 - Oscar Niemeyer completes the Niterói Contemporary Art Museum in Brazil.
- 1996 - Aronoff Center for Design and Art, University of Cincinnati completed by Peter Eisenman.
- 1995 - Steven Holl Architects begin construction of St. Ignatius Chapel at Seattle University.
- 1994 - Building of the Basel Signal Box by Herzog and de Meuron
- 1993 - The Umeda Sky Building in Osaka City, Japan is completed.
- 1992 - The Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina is completed.
- 1991 -
- 1990 - Frederick Weisman Museum of Art, University of Minnesota completed by Frank Gehry.
[edit]
1980s
- 1989 - I. M. Pei's pyramid addition to the Louvre is opened.
- 1988 -
- 1987 -
- 1986 -
- 1985 -
- 1984 -
- 1983 - Xanadu House in Kissimmee opened.
- 1982 - Design competition is held for the Parc de la Villette in Paris.
- 1981 - Richard Serra installs Tilted Arc in the Federal Plaza in New York City.
- 1980 - Santa Monica Place was constructed by Frank Gehry.
[edit]
1970s
- 1979 - Charles Moore designs the Piazza d'Italia in New Orleans.
- 1978 - Charles Eames dies.
- 1977 - Frank Gehry redesigns his own house in Santa Monica, California.
- 1976 - The CN Tower in Toronto opens as the tallest freestanding structure on land.
- 1975 -
- 1974 - National Assembly Building in Dakka, Bangladesh, is completed.
- 1973 - The World Trade Center towers, designed by Minoru Yamasaki, are opened in New York.
- 1972 - Invisible Cities ( Italian: Le Città Invisibili) is published.
- 1971 -
- 1970 - Construction begins on the Sears Tower in Chicago, designed by Bruce Graham and Fazlur Khan (of Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill).
[edit]
1960s
- 1969 - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius die.
- 1968 - Mies van der Rohe's New National Gallery in Berlin finished.
- 1967 - Expo '67 in Montréal features the American pavilion, a geodesic dome designed by Buckminster Fuller, and the Habitat 67 housing complex designed by Moshe Safdie.
- 1966 - The Gateway Arch by Eero Saarinen is finished in St. Louis, Missouri.
- 1965 - Louis Kahn completes the Salk Institute in California.
- 1964 - Robert Venturi publishes his attack on modernism, Complexity and Contradiction In Architecture.
- 1963 - The Palace of Assembly at Chandigarh, India, is finished.
- 1962 - The famed TWA Terminal at Idlewild Airport (now John F. Kennedy International Airport), designed by Eero Saarinen, is completed.
- 1961 - Louis Kahn finishes the Richards Medical Building at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
- 1960 - Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer lay out the city plan and government buildings for Brasilia, the new capital of Brazil.
[edit]
1950s
- 1959 - Frank Lloyd Wright's Guggenheim Museum in New York is finished after 16 years of work on the project.
- 1958 - Seagram's Building in New York designed by Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson.
- 1957 - The Interbau 57 exposition of apartment blocks in Berlin features structures by Alvar Aalto, Walter Gropius and his The Architects' Collaborative (TAC), and an unité by Le Corbusier.
- 1956 - Crown Hall at the IIT, Chicago, designed by Mies van der Rohe, finished.
- 1955 - Completion of Le Corbusier's Notre-Dame-du-Haut chapel at Ronchamp, France.
- 1954 - Louis Kahn finishes his Yale University Art Center in New Haven, CT, USA.
- 1953 - Completion of the United Nations Headquarters in New York by a deisgn team headed by Wallace Harrison and Max Abramowitz.
- 1952 - Le Corbusier completes his Unité d'Habitation in Marseilles.
- 1951 - Mies van der Rohe's Lake Shore Drive Apartments completed in Chicago.
- 1950 - Farnsworth House by Mies van der Rohe finished.
[edit]
1940s
- 1949 - Charles and Ray Eames build the Eames House, also known as Case Study House #8, in Pacific Palisades, CA, USA.
- 1948 - Pietro Belluschi completes the Equitable Building in Portland, Oregon.
- 1947 - Alvar Aalto builds his Baker House at MIT.
- 1946 -
- 1945 - Le Corbusier draws up plans for Saint-Dié-des-Vosges and La Rochelle-La Pallice, both in France.
- 1944 -
- 1943 - Oscar Niemeyer completes his Pampulha project in Brazil.
- 1942 - Vichy rejects Le Corbusier's Obus E plan for Algiers.
- 1941 - Le Corbusier offers his services to the Vichy regime.
- 1940 - Peter Behrens dies.
[edit]
1930s
- 1939 - The 1939 World's Fair in New York includes the Finnish Pavilion by Alvar Aalto and the Brazilian Pavilion by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer.
- 1938 -
- 1937 - Frank Lloyd Wright completes his house Fallingwater, at Bear Run, Pennsylvania. Wright purchases 800 acres of land 26 miles away from Phoenix. Wright begins to build Taliesin West, his winter home, in Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
- 1936 - Glass Palace in Heerlen, the Netherlands finished. Frank Lloyd Wright designs his monumental inward-looking Johnson Wax Administration Center in Racine, Wisconsin.
- 1935 - Cass Gilbert's United States Supreme Court Building is posthumously finished.
- 1934 - Frank Lloyd Wright draws up plans for his Broadacre City, a decentralized urban metropolis.
- 1933 - The Bauhaus closes under Nazi pressure.
- 1932 - The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York holds its exhibition on modern architecture, coining the term "International Style."
- 1931 - The Empire State Building, designed by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, becomes the tallest building in the world.
- 1930 - William Van Alen completes the Chrysler Building, an Art Deco skyscraper in New York, USA.
[edit]
1920s
- 1929 - Barcelona Pavilion designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.
- 1928 - Hector Guimard builds his last house in Paris.
- 1927 - The Weissenhof Seidlung, an exhibition of apartment houses designed by leading modern architects, held at Stuttgart, Germany.
- 1926 - Antoni Gaudí and Louis Majorelle die.
- 1925 - Bauhaus at Dessau designed by Walter Gropius.
- 1924 - Gerrit Rietveld completes the Schröder House in Utrecht.
- 1923 - Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture (English title: Towards A New Architecture), a summary of his ideas.
- 1922 - Monument to the Third International designed by Vladimir Tatlin (unbuilt).
- 1921 - Frank Lloyd Wright completes his Hollyhock House for Aline Barnsdall in Los Angeles, begun in 1917.
- 1920 -
[edit]
1910s
- 1919 - Walter Gropius founds the Bauhaus in Weimar, Germany.
- 1918 -
- 1917 -
- 1916 - De Stijl movement founded in the Netherlands.
- 1915 - Le Corbusier completes studies for his Dom-ino Houses.
- 1914 - Walter Gropius designs his Fagus Shoe Factory.
- 1913 - Cass Gilbert completes the Woolworth Building in New York.
- 1912 - Frank Lloyd Wright begins work on Taliesin in Spring Green, Wisconsin.
- 1911 - Josef Hoffmann completes the Palais Stoclet in Brussels.
- 1910 - Gaudí finishes the Casa Milà in Barcelona.
[edit]
1900s
- 1909 - Frank Lloyd Wright completes the Robie House near Chicago.
- 1908 - Adolf Loos publishes his essay "Ornament and Crime".
- 1907 - Gaudí completes the Casa Batlló in Barcelona.
- 1906 - The Parc de Saurupt, a garden-city in Nancy, laid out in 1901 for private homes in the Art Nouveau style by Emile André and Henri Gutton, is essentially abandoned as a project.
- 1905 - Wright is designs Unity Temple in Oak Park, Illinois.
- 1904 - Otto Wagner completes his Post Office Savings Bank Building in Vienna.
- 1903 - Josef Hoffmann finishes the Moser House in Vienna.
- 1902 - Otto Wagner's Viennese Stadtbahn railway system is completed.
- 1901 - Peter Behrens completes his house at the Art Nouveau colony at Darmstadt, Germany.
- 1900 - The Gare d'Orsay, now the famous Musée d'Orsay, is built in Paris by Victor Laloux.
[edit]
1890s
- 1899 - Hector Guimard is commissioned to design the edicules for the Paris Métropolitain, which have become a hallmark of Art Nouveau design.
- 1898 - Victor Horta designs his own house, now the Horta Museum.
- 1897 - Hendrik Berlage designs his Amsterdam Stock Exchange.
- 1896 - Eugène Vallin completes his own house and studio in Nancy (France), which is the first of many Art Nouveau structures built there by the members of the Ecole de Nancy.
- 1895 - The Biltmore Estate, the largest house in the USA, is completed for the Vanderbilt family in Asheville, North Carolina.
- 1894 - Louis Sullivan builds the Guaranty Building in Buffalo, NY, USA.
- 1893 - Victor Horta builds what is widely considered the first full-fledged Art Nouveau structure, the Hôtel Tassel, in Brussels.
- 1892 -
- 1891 - Louis Sullivan completes his Wainwright Building in Saint Louis.
- 1890 - Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler build the Auditorium Building in Chicago.
[edit]
1880s
- 1889 - The 1889 Paris Exhibition showcases some of the new technologies of iron, steel, and glass, including the Eiffel Tower.
- 1888 - The 1888 World's Fair in Barcelona displays many buildings by Domenech i Montaner and other Catalan architects.
- 1887 - H. H. Richardson's Marshall Field Store in Chicago is completed.
- 1886 - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe is born.
- 1885 - William Le Baron Jenney builds the first metal-frame skyscraper, the Home Insurance Building, in Chicago.
- 1884 - Gaudí is given the commission for the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, which he will work on until 1926.
- 1883 - Antoni Gaudí completes his Casa Vicens in Barcelona.
- 1882 -
- 1881 -
- 1880 -
[edit]
1870s
- 1879 - Louis Sullivan joins Dankmar Adler's firm in Chicago.
- 1878 -
- 1877 -
- 1876 -
- 1875 - The Opéra Garnier is completed in Paris.
- 1874 -
- 1873 -
- 1872 -
- 1871 - The Great Chicago Fire destroys most of the city, sparking a building boom there.
- 1870 - Birth of Adolf Loos.
[edit]
1860s
- 1869 -
- 1868 - Peter Behrens is born.
- 1867 - William Le Baron Jenney opens his architectural practice in Chicago.
- 1866 -
- 1865 -
- 1864 -
- 1863 - U. S. Capitol building dome in Washington, D.C., is completed.
- 1862 -
- 1861 - Victor Horta is born.
- 1860 - Construction on Longwood, the largest octagonal residence in the USA, is begun in Natchez, Mississippi.
[edit]
1850s
- 1859 - Birth of Louis Majorelle and Cass Gilbert.
- 1858 -
- 1857 -
- 1856 - Louis Sullivan is born.
- 1855 -
- 1854 -
- 1853 -
- 1852 - Antoni Gaudí is born.
- 1851 - The Crystal Palace designed by Joseph Paxton.
- 1850 -
[edit]
1840s
- 1849 -
- 1848 -
- 1847 - August 24, birth of Charles Follen McKim (died 1909).
- 1846 - September 4, birth of Daniel Burnham of the firm Burnham and Root.
- 1845 -
- 1844 -
- 1843 -
- 1842 - The Église de la Madeleine is finally consecrated in Paris as a church.
- 1841 -
- 1840 -
[edit]
1830s
- 1839 -
- 1838 -
- 1837 -
- 1836 -
- 1835 - The New Orleans Mint, Dahlonega Mint, and Charlotte Mint are all designed by William Strickland and begin producing coins in three years.
- 1834 -
- 1833 -
- 1832 - William Le Baron Jenney is born.
- 1831 -
- 1830 -
[edit]
1820s
- 1829 -
- 1828 -
- 1827 -
- 1826 - The Menai Suspension Bridge over the Menai Strait in Wales, designed by Thomas Telford is completed.
- 1825 -
- 1824 -
- 1823 -
- 1822 -
- 1821 -
- 1820 - Death of Benjamin Latrobe.
[edit]
1810s
[edit]
1800s
- 1809 - Birth of city planner Baron Haussmann.
- 1808 -
- 1807 -
- 1806 - Arc de Triomphe, Paris from Jean Chalgrin commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte.
- 1805 - The Ellesmere Canal, designed by Thomas Telford, is completed.
- 1804 -
- 1803 -
- 1802 -
- 1801 -
- 1800 - The White House in Washington D.C. is completed by team of client George Washington, planner Pierre L'Enfant, and architect James Hoban.
[edit]
1790s
- 1799 -
- 1798 -
- 1797 -
- 1796 - Somerset House in London, designed by William Chambers is completed.
- 1795 - Birth of architect Charles Barry.
- 1794 -
- 1793 - Old East, the oldest public university building in the USA, is erected on the campus of the University of North Carolina, in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- 1792 - Sir John Soane begins work on his house in London, now the Soane Museum.
- 1791 -
- 1790 -
[edit]
1780s
- 1789 -
- 1788 -
- 1787 -
- 1786 - Schloss Bellevue in Berlin, designed by Philipp Daniel Boumann, is completed.
- 1785 -
- 1784 -
- 1783 -
- 1782 -
- 1781 -
- 1780 - August 29 - Death of Jacques-Germain Soufflot (born 1713).
[edit]
1770s
[edit]
1760s
- 1769 -
- 1768 -
- 1767 -
- 1766 -
- 1765 -
- 1764 - Construction begins on Church of the Madeleine in Paris.
- 1763 -
- 1762 -
- 1761 -
- 1760 -
[edit]
1750s
[edit]
1740s
[edit]
1730s
[edit]
1720s
[edit]
1710s
[edit]
1700s
- 1709 -
- 1708 - St. Paul's Cathedral in London, designed by Christopher Wren, is completed.
- 1707 -
- 1706 -
- 1705 -
- 1704 -
- 1703 -
- 1702 -
- 1701 -
- 1700 -
[edit]
17th century
- 1690s - The city of Noto, Italy, on Sicily, is devastated by an earthquake, and a rebuilding program begins in the Baroque style.
- 1680s - Church of Les Invalides, Paris is built by Jules Hardouin-Mansart.
- 1670s -
- 1660s - Louis XIV, with the architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart, begins to enlarge the Palace of Versailles.
- 1650s -
- 1640s - Borromini builds the church St. Ivo della Sapienza.
- 1630s -
- 1620s - Bernini constructs the church of Santa Susanna in Rome.
- 1610s - Carlo Maderno begins an eight-year construction of the façade of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
- 1600s -
[edit]
16th century
- 1590s - Bernini and Borromini are born.
- 1580s -
- 1570s -
- 1560s -
- 1550s -
- 1540s -
- 1530s - Work begins on the Piazza del Campidoglio (Capitoline Hill), designed by Michelangelo.
- 1520s -
- 1510s - Construction begins on Chateau Chambord.
- 1500s -
[edit]
15th century
[edit]
14th century
[edit]
13th century
- 1290s -
- 1280s -
- 1270s -
- 1260s -
- 1250s -
- 1240s - The foundation stone of Cologne Cathedral in Cologne is laid.
- 1230s -
- 1220s -
- 1210s -
- 1200s -
[edit]
12th century
- 1190s - Construction begun on the present form of Chartres Cathedral after a fire.
- 1180s -
- 1170s -
- 1160s -
- 1150s -
- 1140s -
- 1130s -
- 1120s -
- 1110s -
- 1100s -
[edit]
11th century
- 1090s - Durham Cathedral founded
- 1080s -
- 1070s - St Albans Cathedral commenced; built from the ruins of Roman Verulamium.
- 1060s -
- 1050s -
- 1040s -
- 1030s -
- 1020s -
- 1010s -
- 1000s -
[edit]
1st millennium AD
- 900s -
- 800s -
- 700s -
- 600s -
- 500s - Hagia Sophia built in its present form.
- 400s -
- 300s -
- 200s -
- 100s -
- 1-99 AD - Emperors Vespasian and Titus build the Colosseum in Rome.
[edit]
1st millennium BC
- 1-99 BC - Expansion of Herod the Great's temple begins.
- 100s -
- 200s -
- 300s -
- 400s -
- 500s - The Second Temple built in Jerusalem.
- 600s -
- 700s -
- 800s -
- 900s -
[edit]
2nd millennium BC
[edit]
3rd millennium BC
[edit]
Neolithic
- 4th millennium BC -
- 5th millennium BC -
- 6th millennium BC -
- 7th millennium BC - Catal Huyuk in Anatolia constructed without streets.
- 8th millennium BC - Earliest town sites with simple residential neighbourhoods in Jarmo, Jericho, and Ain Ghazal on the Levantfr:Chronologie de l'architecture