Père Lachaise

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Image:Pere Lachaise looking down the hill.jpg The cimetière du Père-Lachaise (pronounced Template:IPA) is the largest cemetery in the city of Paris (there are larger cemeteries in Paris suburbs). The official name of the cemetery is the cimetière de l'Est (“eastern cemetery”).

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Description

The cemetery is one of the most famous cemeteries in the world. Located in the 20e arrondissement, Père-Lachaise is reputed to be the most visited cemetery in the world, attracting hundreds of thousands of visitors a year to the graves of the those who have enhanced French life over the past 200 years. It is also the location of five Great War memorials.

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Origins

The name of the cemetery comes from Père François de la Chaise (1624-1709). He was the confessor of Louis XIV, and lived in the Jesuit house rebuilt in 1682 on the site of the chapel. The property, situated on the side of a hill from which the king, during the Fronde, watched skirmishing between the Condé and Turenne, was bought by the city in 1804 and laid out by Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, and later extended.

The cemetery was established by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804. Cemeteries had been banned inside Paris in 1786 after the shutting down of the Cimetière des Innocents, on the fringe of Les Halles food market, on the grounds that it presented a health hazard. (This same health hazard also led to the creation of the famous Parisian catacombs in the south of the city). Several new cemeteries replaced all the Parisian ones, outside the precincts of the capital, Cimetière de Montmartre in the north, Le Père-Lachaise in the east and Cimetière du Montparnasse in the south. At the heart of the city, in the shadow of the Eiffel Tower, is Cimetière de Passy.

At the time of opening the cemetery was seen as too far from the city and attracted very few funerals. So the administrators devised a marketing strategy and with great fanfare organised the transfer of the remains of La Fontaine and Molière, in 1804. Then, in another great spectacle in 1817, the purported remains of Pierre Abélard and Héloïse were also transferred to the cemetery with their monument's canopy made from fragments of the abbey of Nogent-sur-Seine (by tradition, lovers or lovelorn singles leave letters at the crypt in tribute to the couple or in the hopes of finding true love). This strategy had the desired effect when people began clamouring to be buried with the famous citizens. Records show that within a few years, Père-Lachaise went from a few dozen permanent residents to more than 33,000. Today there are over 300,000 bodies buried in the cemetery, and many more in the columbarium which holds the remains of those who had requested cremation.

The Communards' Wall (French Mur des Fédérés) is also located in the cemetery. This the wall against which 147 Communards, the leaders of the Paris Commune were shot on May 28, 1871 after the fall of the Commune.

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Famous people buried at Père Lachaise

A partial list of famous people buried in the Père-Lachaise Cemetery:

Image:Paris.chopin.grave.500pix.jpg

Image:Jim-Morrison Pere Lachaise.jpg

Image:Piaf.grave.600pix.jpg

Image:Perelachaise-Wilde-p1000393.jpg

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Access

Template:Station paris metro Located on Boulevard de Ménilmontant. For tourists, the best Paris Métro stop is the "Philippe Auguste" on line 2 which is convenient for the main entrance. The stop called "Père Lachaise", on lines 2 or 3, is a back entrance.

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See also

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External links

de:Père Lachaise es:Cementerio de Père-Lachaise fa:گورستان پر لاشز fi:Père-Lachaise fr:Cimetière du Père-Lachaise he:פר לשז it:Père Lachaise ja:ペール・ラシェーズ墓地 nl:Père Lachaise no:Père Lachaise pl:Cmentarz Père-Lachaise pt:Cemitério do Père-Lachaise ru:Пер-Лашез sv:Père-Lachaise tr:Pere Lachaise Mezarlığı vi:Nghĩa địa Père-Lachaise

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